【正确答案】①The dynamically developing world is currently going through a period of major changes and reconfiguration; the geopolitical landscape is becoming diversified and multipolar, and ties between countries are becoming closer. ②At the same time, the factors of instability and uncertainty are increasing, the situation in the world economy remains unstable despite the positive changes, economic globalization is confronted with the expansion of unilateral protectionist policies and other challenges in international trade, and there are rising risks associated with the aggravation of conflicts in a number of regions, terrorism, drug trafficking and organized crime, epidemics of infectious diseases and climate change. ③Counteraction to these global challenges requires urgent development of collective and effective approaches of the world community. ④Following the Shanghai Spirit, which embodies mutual trust, mutual benefit, equal rights, mutual consultations, respect for the diversity of cultures, and aspiration for joint development, amid serious changes in global affairs, the SCO consistently enhances political, security, economic, cultural and humanitarian cooperation and acts as one of the most influential participants in the modern system of international relations. ⑤Relying on neighborly relations, friendship and cooperation, mutual respect for the cultural and civilizational diversity and social values of its Member States, on trustful dialogue and constructive partnership, the SCO sets an example of close and fruitful cooperation.

【答案解析】1．①句“大发展大变革大调整时期”可采用最直观的并列式译法，即处理成a period of major development, changes and reconfiguration。也可以灵活地将其中一个并列成分“大发展”转换为“当今世界”的前置定语，即变为the dramatically/vigorously/dynamically developing world is going through a period of major changes and reconfiguration。而由于“地缘政治版图日益多样化、多极化”与“国与国相互依存更加紧密”都是当今世界的形势特点，因此①句后两个分句还可直接转换为第一个分句的伴随状语，以featuring引出，即译为..., featuring an increasingly diversified and multi-polar geographical landscape as well as closer ties between countries。 2．②句主要交代当前世界的不利因素，因此“世界经济趋势明显向好，但仍不稳定”需要强调的部分是“但仍不稳定”，所以在翻译时将“明显向好”的部分转换为让步状语，译为the situation in the world economy remains unstable despite its positive changes：“……等威胁急剧上升引起的风险持续增加”，由于各种“威胁”过多过长，若译为介词宾语，全数糅杂在the risks associated with...are on the rise结构中，则会造成译文冗长、句义不明晰之感。因此，不妨采用倒装句，将on the rise直接移至句首，处理成on the rise are the risks associated with the aggravation of...或采用there are rising risks associated with...，既开门见山地突出了“风险增加”，又使得后面各种“威胁”的列举更加清晰。 3．③句“制定共同立场”直接译为work out(或find) common ground。当然，“制定共同立场”和“有效应对”两部分可进行语义整合，译为collective and effective approaches。 4．④句“国际风云变幻的严峻考验”中“国际风云变幻”语义较为抽象，若只从字面意思入手，译为international variability，译文则会稍嫌模糊，不知variability的实际内容为何。因此最好在译前稍加联系分析，将“国际风云”具体化为“国际事务”，可用显性译法将“国际风云变幻的严峻考验”处理为serious changes in global affairs，使译文文意更加明晰。 5．⑤句除译文那样的处理方法外，还可以将“在……基础上”先行译为一个独立完整句，即译为The SCO places importance on neighborly relations, friendship and cooperation, upholds mutual respect for the cultural and civilizational diversity and social values of its Member States while promoting trustful dialogue and constructive partnership；其后，再以On that basis另起一句，引出“树立……典范”的内容。