【正确答案】 B

【答案解析】解析：题干说：皮亚杰认为小于9个月的儿童不会知道某物存在。根据题干数字“9 months”定位到原文第4段第2、3句“Piaget’s work led him to conclude that infants younger than 9 months have no innate knowledge of how the world works or any sense of “object permanence”(that people and things still exist even when they’re not seen)．Instead， babies must gradually construct this knowledge from experience．”这句话清楚地说明了 小于9个月的婴儿不会知道当某物不可见时它在世界上依然存在。它们需要在经历 中建构自己的知识。因此，本题的答案为B。

【正确答案】 E

【答案解析】解析：题干说：皮亚杰认为儿童只能在什么情况下获得知识?原文第4段提到“babies must gradually construct this knowledge from experience．”(婴儿必须逐步从经验中建构 这种知识。)也就是说某事在生活中又一次出现的时候能够得到相关知识。因此，本 题的答案为E。

【正确答案】 A

【答案解析】解析：题干说：一些认知科学家认为儿童什么时候有学习语言的机制?根据题干关键词 “cognitive”和“language”定位到原文第4段倒数第3句“but over the past 20 years or so they have been largely set aside by a new generation of‘nativist’psychologists and cognitive scientists whose more sophisticated experiments led them to theorise their infants arrive already equipped with some knowledge of the physical world and even rudimentary programming for math and language．”这句话清楚地说明了“天生主义”的心理学家认 为儿童在出生前已经拥有学习语言和数学的能力。因此，本题的答案为A。

【正确答案】 D

【答案解析】解析：题干说：西尔万.西洛伊斯认为在什么情况下儿童会对新鲜的刺激做出反应?根据 题干关键词“reflect”和“stimuli”定位到原文第6段，该段详细的讨论了Sylvain Sirois的实验“His own experiments indicate that a baby’s fascination with physically impossible events merely reflects a response to stimuli that are novel．Data from the eye tracker and the measurement of the pupils(which widen in response to arousal or interest) show that impossible events involving familiar objects are no more interesting than possible events involving novel objects．”这段话清楚地说明了引起儿童注意的是一种新鲜事物 的出现，不论是可能事件还是不可能事件，只要有新鲜的东西儿童都会做出积极反应。 因此，本题的答案为D。

【正确答案】 C

【答案解析】解析：题干说：西尔万.西洛伊斯认为儿童的注意力水平在什么情况下会下降?原文第6 段提到“The mistake of previous research，says Sirois，has been to leap to the conclusion that infants can understand the concept of impossibility from the mere fact that they are able to percewe some novelty in it．‘The real explanation is boring，’he says．”这里的重点是西 洛伊斯认为实验的结果应该解读为儿童看到的东西乏味。因此，本题的答案为C。