单选题 A variety of illegal acts committed by people in the course of their employment, for their own personal gain, are collectively known as white-collar crime. Embezzlement, theft and trading securities (1) insider information are common forms of white-collar crime. The majority of cases involve low-level employees who steal because they are under (2) financial stress. Many plan to (3) the money back as soon as possible but may never do so. Their crimes are usually never (4) because the amounts of money are small, and no one notices the (5) .
(6) , there are some very large cases of white-collar crime, such as multimillion-dollar stock market or banking seams that take years to discover and are extremely difficult and expensive to (7) .
White-collar crime is not (8) to the business sector. Government employment, especially (9) the city level, also provides opportunities to (10) one's pockets. (11) , building inspectors accept bribes and full-time employees receive (12) payments.
Although white-collar crime is less (13) than street crime, it involves (14) more money and harm to the public than crimes committed by street criminals. It is (15) that there are more criminals (16) the office suites than in the streets, yet the (17) of white-collar makes it difficult to uncover the offenses and pursue the offenders. As the economy (18) from manufacturing to services and electronic commerce, opportunities for white-collar crime (19) , while the technology needed to stop such crimes will (20) .

单选题 [A] due to [B] in consequence of [C] on the basis of [D] for the benefit of
【正确答案】 C
【答案解析】短文在首句引入白领犯罪这个概念后,随后给出白领犯罪的通常形式,即:embezzlement,theft以及trading securities,三者为并列的犯罪形式,由and连接。既然是犯罪形式,交易证券(trading securities)应该以内幕消息(insider information)为依据,所以排除表示因果关系的[A]due to和[B]in consequence of;[D]for the benefit of常与人搭配使用,如:for the benefit of his colleagues意为“为了他同事的利益”,而for the benefit of insider information属于搭配不当;因此答案为[C]。
单选题 [A] temporary [B] constant [C] persistent [D] transient
【正确答案】 A
【答案解析】大多数白领犯罪涉及低层次的雇员,该句的majority与下一句的many同指一类人,根据下一句的as soon as possible,可以判定该选择为[A]。temporary意为“暂时的”。[B]constant意为“经常的,不断的”,与上下文逻辑不符;[C]persistent意为“坚持不懈的”,如:a persistent effort“执著的努力”;[D]transient意为“短暂的”,强调变化性和转瞬即逝性,如:a transient gleam of hope“转瞬即逝的一线希望”。
单选题 [A] put [B] return [C] set [D] send
【正确答案】 A
【答案解析】如果选[B]return,则不需句中的back,因为return做及物动词,意为“把……放回/退回、归还”,故排除;如果选[C],set back意为“推迟,延缓”,如:set the clock/plan back“把表的指针往回拨/推迟计划”,而set the money back不符合上下文逻辑,故排除;如果选择[D],send the money back意为“把钱发送回来”,而把钱放回原处,最简单的表达为:put the money back,因此选[A]。
单选题 [A] disclosed [B] exposed [C] retained [D] discovered
【正确答案】 D
【答案解析】因为这些职员的偷窃行为涉及的金额很小,所以没有人会注意到损失,也不会被人发现。四个选择均与crimes形成正确的语法结构,但根据逻辑,[D]为最佳答案。[A]disclosed意为“被泄露”;[B]exposed意为“被曝光”;由于偷盗者的诡秘行为没有引起他人的注意,故排除[A]和[B]。[C]retained意为“被保留”,与该句逻辑不符。根据下一段中…take years to discover…,也可以帮助判断答案为[D]。
单选题 [A] loss [B] shortage [C] deficiency [D] deficit
【正确答案】 A
【答案解析】罪犯偷盗公司的钱财会产生金钱的损失,是丢失,而不是[B],shortage意为“不足,缺少”,也不是[C],deficiency意为“缺乏,不足”,更不是[D],deficit意为“赤字”,因此选[A]。
单选题 [A] Moreover [B] However [C] Likewise [D] Accordingly
【正确答案】 B
【答案解析】上文给出多数白领犯罪案例属于低层职员的小偷小摸行为,而这段笔锋一转,引出大型的涉及数百万金额的白领犯罪。作为过渡衔接,需要一个转折连词。首先排除表示并列和递进关系的[A]Moreover和[C]Likewise;[D]Accordingly表示因果关系,也不符合逻辑,故选择[B]。
单选题 [A] pursue [B] persecute [C] proceed [D] prosecute
【正确答案】 D
【答案解析】大型的犯罪活动需要很多年才被发现,对它们进行______也是非常困难和昂贵的,该选择项应该与crime构成动宾搭配,而且符合逻辑。首先排除[B],persecute意为“迫害”,常以人或者动物为宾语;然后排除[C],因为proceed(继续下去)是不及物动词,不能独自与crime构成正确的语法结构;而对犯罪案件,人们不仅要追逐,而且还要提起公诉,对比[D]和[A],排除[A],pursue意为“追逐”,所以选择[D],prosecute意为“对……提起公诉”。
单选题 [A] restrained [B] constrained [C] confined [D] bound
【正确答案】 C
【答案解析】该段指出政府部门也存在白领犯罪,也就是说白领犯罪并非只局限于商业部门。[A]restrained意为“抑制,制止”,如:restrain one's anger(制怒),常与from搭配使用,在此不合语义和用法,故排除;[B]constrained意为“限制;约束,束缚;强迫”,可用于be constrained to do,在句中不合语义及用法;[D]bound是bind的过去分词,意为“密切相关的”,在文中不合文意,因此选[C],be confined to意为“局限于”,如:be confined to the planned activities“只进行计划内的活动”。
单选题 [A] in [B] at [C] on [D] of
【正确答案】 B
【答案解析】表达在具体某个层面或在某个具体的点,常用at。at the city level意为“在城市这个层面”。其他均不合文意。
单选题 [A] line [B] fill [C] pack [D] stuff
【正确答案】 A
【答案解析】四个选项都可以和pockets构成正确的语法结构,但是只有[A],to 1ine one's pockets作为习语表达,成为正确选项。该短语意为“肥私囊”,其中line意为“填腰包”。其他选项均不合习语表达,故排除。
单选题 [A] Such as [B] For example [C] By the same token [D] To begin with
【正确答案】 B
【答案解析】该句与上句是举例说明关系,[A]Such as虽然可以引出具体实例,但是不可以用在句首引出句子,故排除;[C]By the same token意为“由于同样原因,同样地;而且”,连接并列关系的语句,如:Table tennis is easy to learn,and,by the same token,kids don't need a lot of space to practice it。“乒乓球容易学,而且孩子们不需多大场地便可练球。”[C]选项在句中不合逻辑,故排除;[D]To begin with用于列举一系列观点,因为段落中没有其他并列的例子,故排除,因此选择[B]为正确答案。
单选题 [A] welfare [B] commission [C] pension [D] allowance
【正确答案】 A
【答案解析】作为白领犯罪案例,建筑监察员收受贿赂,与他们相提并论的是全职政府职员领取______支付。[B]commission意为“佣金”;[C]pension意为“退休金”;[D]allowance意为“津贴,补助费”,如果是全职职员,他们就不可以领取救济金,因此答案为[A]。
单选题 [A] disastrous [B] hazardous [C] significant [D] violent
【正确答案】 D
【答案解析】与街头犯罪相比,白领犯罪不是那么具有暴力性,两者都可能是[A]disastrous(灾难性的)、[B]hazardous(危险的)、[C]significant(重要的),只有[D]符合语义。
单选题 [A] no [B] little [C] far [D] further
【正确答案】 C
【答案解析】根据该句中主从句之间的转折关系以及上文对白领犯罪的说明,可以判定白领犯罪比街头犯罪涉及的钱额和危害要大得多,因此排除含有相反含义的[A]no和[B]little;而强调程度大的副词,常用far,而不是[D]further,因此选[C]。
单选题 [A] possibly [B] liable [C] logical [D] likely
【正确答案】 D
【答案解析】作者用it's likely/possible that句型来推测白领罪犯比街头罪犯更多,首先排除[A],possibly是副词,不符合句型要求;[B]liable意为“有倾向的,易于的”,[C]logical意为“符合逻辑的”,在文中均不合文意,故排除,因此答案为[D]。
单选题 [A] in [B] with [C] of [D] on
【正确答案】 A
【答案解析】表示身着办公室西装的罪犯,正确的表达只有[A],其他均不符合习语用法。in表示服饰,意为“穿着,带着,戴着”,如:a man in black“衣着黑色衣服的男子”。
单选题 [A] nature [B] feature [C] property [D] essence
【正确答案】 A
【答案解析】此题为近义词词义辨析。白领犯罪的隐秘性质使得它们很难暴露,表示性质的正确选项为[A],nature泛指事物的基本性质;[B]feature指事物的具体“特征,特色”;[C]property指物质的特性;[D]essence指形成某特性的最重要的性质。
单选题 [A] ranges [B] shifts [C] transfers [D] transforms
【正确答案】 B
【答案解析】经济发展中产生了从生产向服务的转变,[A]ranges表示在一定幅度内变化;[C]transfers强调地位或者位置的转移;[D]transforms强调形式的完全改变;只有[B]shifts符合文意要求,故选[B]。
单选题 [A] degenerate [B] upgrade [C] decrease [D] multiply
【正确答案】 D
【答案解析】根据常识和逻辑,随着电子商务的增多,白领犯罪也会增加,因此排除[A],degenerate意为“衰退,堕落”,电排除[B],upgrade意为“升级”,通常为及物动词,在句中不合用法,再排除[C],decrease意为“减少”,因此选[D],multiply意为“倍增”。
单选题 [A] pick up [B] pay back [C] make out [D] lag behind
【正确答案】 D
【答案解析】根据该句中的转折连词while,可以判定主从句有对比关系。白领犯罪在倍增,而相应制止犯罪的科技却______。根据逻辑,首先排除[A],pick up意为“提高,好转”;[B]pay back意为“偿还,回报”,在句中不合用法,故排除;[C]make out意为“辨认;理解”,在文中不合文意和用法,故排除;因此选[D],lag behind意为“落后”。