According to the American College Health Association's most recent annual national survey, 30 percent of college students reported feeling "so depressed that it was difficult to function" at some time over the past year. Nearly three fourths of respondents in a 2011 National Alliance on Mental Illness study of college students diagnosed with mental health conditions said they experienced a mental health crisis while in school. The Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) and other federal disability laws prohibit discrimination against students whose psychiatric disabilities "substantially limit a major life activity" and mandates that colleges and universities provide them with "reasonable accommodations" —such as lower course loads and extended deadlines. Despite that very clearly stated law, dozens of current or recent students at colleges and universities across the country—large and small, private and public—told Newsweek they were punished for seeking help: kicked out of campus housing with nowhere else to go, abruptly forced to withdraw from school and even involuntarily committed to psychiatric wards. "Colleges are very accustomed to accommodating learning and physical disabilities, but they don't understand simple ways of accommodating mental health disabilities," says Professor Peter Lake, an expert on higher education law and policy who sees widespread fear and reluctance across the board to "promote diversity that encompasses mental disabilities and mood disorders." Lake often tells skeptics about a man who suffered from clinical depression and constantly talked about suicide: His name was Abraham Lincoln. "We don't want to remove these people," Lake says. "We want to expand the definition of diversity to make sure they're included." Most lifetime cases of mental health conditions begin by the age of 24, and thanks to a variety of factors, including rising antidepressant prescription rates and stigma reduction efforts, college students are more and more likely to ask campus counselors for assistance. The number of students seeking counseling for "severe" psychological problems jumped from 16 percent in 2000 to 39 percent in 2012; the percentage of students who report suicidal thoughts has risen along with it. "Schools should encourage students to seek treatment. But a lot of policies I see involve excessive use of discipline and involuntary leaves of absence, and they discourage students from asking for the help they need," says Karen Bower, a private attorney who specializes in disability discrimination cases in higher education. "Ultimately, that makes the campus less safe." Two large-scale studies found that around 10 percent of college student respondents had thought about suicide in the past year, but only 1.5 percent admitted to having made a suicide attempt. Combined with data from other studies, that suggests that the odds that a student with suicidal ideation—the medical term for suicidal thoughts—will actually commit suicide are 1,000 to 1. "Thus, policies that impose restrictions on students who manifest suicidal ideation will sweep in 999 students who would not commit suicide for every student who will end his or her life," Paul S. Appelbaum writes in Law & Psychiatry: "Depressed? Get Out!""Colleges don't want people who are suicidal around, so what's supposed to happen to them?" says Ira Burnim, legal director of the D. C. Bazelon Center for Mental Health Law. "We're going to lock them in a bomb shelter?" Kicking students off campus for mental health issues typically does more harm than good by isolating them from their support systems when what they really need is stability and empathy, he says. Moreover, it's often a completely unnecessary overreaction.
单选题 According to the passage, which of the following statements is INCORRECT?
【正确答案】 B
【答案解析】解析:细节题。第一段第二句提到,2011年,被心理疾病联盟诊断为心理健康状况不佳的大学生中,有接近四分之三的受访者称曾在学校经历过心理健康危机。由此可知,只是受访者中有75%的学生曾在学校中经历过心理健康危机,而不是所有学生中的75%,B项扩大了范围,故为答案。根据第一段第一句可知,根据美国大学健康协会最新的年度全国调查,有30%的学生称,在过去的一年中,有些时候会感到“如此沮丧,难以正常生活”,故排除A项;根据第一段第三句可知,《美国残疾人法案》和其他联邦残疾法规都有规定,不得歧视“严重影响主要生活活动”的精神残疾学生,并要求院方为他们进行“合理的调整”,比如减轻课业压力、延长最后期限,故排除C项和D项。
单选题 Students with mental disabilities might be punished in the following ways EXCEPT ______.
【正确答案】 D
【答案解析】解析:细节题。第二段第一句提到,有精神问题的学生会因为寻求帮助而受到惩罚:他们被赶出学校宿舍以至于无处可去,被毫无征兆地勒令退学,甚至被强制送去精神科病房,分别对应A项B项和C项,故均排除,因此本题选D项。
单选题 Increasing college students turn to professional counselors for help because ______.
【正确答案】 A
【答案解析】解析:细节题。根据第三段第一句可知,多亏一些因素,包括抗抑郁处方受众率的提高及减少歧视的努力,大学生越来越愿意向咨询师寻求帮助,故本题选[Al,同时排除B项。C项和D项均未提及,故可排除。
单选题 Karen Bower believes that, ______.
【正确答案】 C
【答案解析】解析:推理题。第四段提到,很多政策都有过度惩罚和强制学生离校之嫌,而且学校不鼓励学生寻求应有的帮助。最终,这会让学校变得更加不安全。由此可推知,不鼓励学生寻求帮助会导致安全问题,故本题选C项,同时排除A项。B项和D项在文中并未提及,故均可排除。
单选题 According to Paragraph 5, it can be concluded that ______.
【正确答案】 C
【答案解析】解析:推理题。第五段第二句提到,与其他的研究数据结合起来看,这一差距说明,在有过自杀想法的人中,只有千分之一的人最终自杀了,故本题选C项。A项在文中并未提及,故排除;根据第五段第一句可知,有大约10%的大学生受访者曾想过自杀,同时,仅有1.5%的人坦然承认曾有过自杀的尝试,故排除B项;D项在文中并未提及,故排除。