问答题
In his autobiography, Darwin himself speaks of his intellectual powers with extraordinary modesty. He points out that he always experienced much difficulty in expressing himself clearly and concisely, but (61) he believes that this very difficulty may have had the compensating advantage of forcing him to think long and intently about every sentence, and thus enabling him to detect errors in reasoning and in his own observations. He disclaimed the possession of any great quickness of apprehension or wit, such as distinguished Huxley. (62) He asserted, also, that his power to follow a long and purely abstract train of thought was very limited, for which reason he felt certain that he never could have succeeded with mathematics. His memory, too, he described as extensive, but hazy. So poor in one sense was it that he never could remember for more than a few days a single date or a line of poetry. (63) On the other hand, he did not accept as well founded the charge made by some of his critics that, while he was a good observer, he had no power of reasoning. This, he thought, could not be true, because the Origin of Species is one long argument from the beginning to the end, and has convinced many able men. No one, he submits, could have written it without possessing some power of reasoning. He was Willing to assert that "I have a fair share of invention, and of common sense or judgment, such as every fairly successful lawyer or doctor must have, but not, I believe, in any higher degree. " (64) He adds humbly that perhaps he was "superior to the common run of men in noticing things which easily escape attention, and in observing them carefully. " Writing in the last year of his life, he expressed the opinion that in two or three respects his mind had changed during the preceding twenty or thirty years. Up to the age of thirty or beyond it poetry of many kinds gave him great pleasure. Formerly, too, pictures had given him considerable, and music very great, delight. In 1881, however, he said: "Now for many years I cannot endure to read a line of poetry. I have also almost lost my taste for pictures or music. " (65)Darwin was convinced that the loss of these tastes was not only a loss of happiness, but might possibly be injurious to the intellect, and more probably to the moral character.
【答案解析】本题考查主从复合句的翻译。 该句中含有一个由that引导的宾语从句，其主干是“he believes that difficulty may have had the advantage.”；从句“that this…very his own observations”中含有由of引导的两个后置定语“of forcing him to... his own observations”，注意由于是分词短语作定语，且太长，翻译时要找到与主句的逻辑关系，翻译成非定语成分。 词汇：compensate“补偿，赔偿”；detect“发现，察觉，注意到”。
【答案解析】本题考查复杂的主从复合句的翻译。 该句包含两个由that引导的宾语从句和一个for引导的原因状语从句，主句的主干是“he asserted that his power was very limited.”；主句所含的宾语从句中，主干是“his power was very limited”；to follow a long and purely abstract train of thought是不定式作后置定语，可以处理成非定语成分；原因状语从句中所含的宾语从句是he never could have succeeded with mathematics，由于太长，可将其放在宾补certain之后。 词汇：assert“断言，声称”；train“后果，顺序”，在本句中可译为“一连串的”；follow“跟随；理解；遵循”，follow one's thought或follow one's argument指跟得上某人的思路，能理解能明白。
【答案解析】本句是一个句子中含有一个带让步状语从句的同位语从句，主句的主干是“he did not accept as well founded the charge. ”;“while he was a good observer, he had no power of reasoning”是一个让步状语从句，也是the charge的同位语，需要单独翻译；well founded 作形容词修饰charge，意思是“有理由的有根据的”。 词汇：charge“指责，批评”
【答案解析】本句考查复杂主从复合句的翻译。 该句由主句和含有一个定语从句的宾语从句组成，主句的主干是“he adds that he was superior to the common run”；“he was superior to…carefully”是宾语从句，其主干是“he was superior to the common run”; of…carefully是介词短语作定语，其中含有一个定语从句和两个现在分词短语，翻译时需译成非定语成分。 词汇: humbly“谦虚地”；superior“较高的，上级的，上好的”；escape“逃走；(液体等)漏出；避免，疏忽”，本句译为“忽略”。
【答案解析】本句考查复杂宾语从句的主从复合句的翻译。 主句的主干是“Darwin was convinced that the loss was not only a loss of happiness but might be injurious to…”；宾语从句是一个由“not only…but(also)”引导的并列句，且but (also)之后是由and连接的又一个并列句；and后省略了部分成分，补全应该是“might more probably be injurious to the moral character”. 词汇：convince“使相信，说服”；injurious“有害的，致伤的(常与to搭配)”；intellect“理解力，思维能力，理智，智力；明智者，有才智的人”