【答案解析】原文: According to official statistics, Thailand’s annual road-death rate is almost double the global average. Thai people know that their roads are dangerous, but they don’t know this could easily be changed. Globally, road accidents kill more people every year than any infectious disease. Researchers at the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation in America, put the death toll in 2017 at 1.24 million. According to the institute, the overall number of deaths has been more or less static since the turn of the century. But that disguises a lot of changes in individual countries. In many poor countries, road accidents are killing more people than ever before. Those countries have swelling young populations of fast-growing fleet of cars and motorbikes and a limited supply of surgeons. It is impossible to know for sure, because official statistics are so inadequate. But deaths are thought to have risen by 40% since 1990 in many low income countries. In many rich countries, by contrast, roads are becoming even safer. In Estonia and Ireland, for example, the number of death has fallen by about two thirds since the late 1990s. But the most important and intriguing changes are taking place in middle income countries, which contain most of the world’s people and have some of the most dangerous roads. According to researchers, in China and South Africa traffic deaths have been falling since 2000, and in India since 2012, and the Philippines reached its peak four years ago. The question is whether Thailand can soon follow suit. Rob McKinney, head of the International Road Assessment Program, says that all countries tend to go through three phases. They begin with poor, slow roads. In the second phase, as they grow wealthier, they pave the roads, allowing traffic to move faster and pushing up the death rate. Lastly, in the third phase, countries act to make their roads safer. The trick, then, is to reach the third stage sooner by focusing earlier and more closely on fatal accidents. How to do that? The solution lies not just in better infrastructure, but in better social incentives. Safe driving habits are practices which people know they should follow but often don’t. Dangerous driving is not a fixed cultural trait as some imagine. People respond to incentives such as traffic laws that are actually enforced. Questions 22 to 25 are based on the recording you have just heard. 22. What does the speaker say about traffic accidents in Thailand? 23. What do we learn from an American institute’s statistics regarding road deaths? 24. What is said about middle income countries? 25. What else could be done to reduce fatal road accidents in addition to safer roads?事实细节题。短文中提到,据官方统计,泰国每年的交通事故死亡率几乎是全球平均水平的两倍。因此答案为B)。
【正确答案】
C
【答案解析】原文: According to official statistics, Thailand’s annual road-death rate is almost double the global average. Thai people know that their roads are dangerous, but they don’t know this could easily be changed. Globally, road accidents kill more people every year than any infectious disease. Researchers at the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation in America, put the death toll in 2017 at 1.24 million. According to the institute, the overall number of deaths has been more or less static since the turn of the century. But that disguises a lot of changes in individual countries. In many poor countries, road accidents are killing more people than ever before. Those countries have swelling young populations of fast-growing fleet of cars and motorbikes and a limited supply of surgeons. It is impossible to know for sure, because official statistics are so inadequate. But deaths are thought to have risen by 40% since 1990 in many low income countries. In many rich countries, by contrast, roads are becoming even safer. In Estonia and Ireland, for example, the number of death has fallen by about two thirds since the late 1990s. But the most important and intriguing changes are taking place in middle income countries, which contain most of the world’s people and have some of the most dangerous roads. According to researchers, in China and South Africa traffic deaths have been falling since 2000, and in India since 2012, and the Philippines reached its peak four years ago. The question is whether Thailand can soon follow suit. Rob McKinney, head of the International Road Assessment Program, says that all countries tend to go through three phases. They begin with poor, slow roads. In the second phase, as they grow wealthier, they pave the roads, allowing traffic to move faster and pushing up the death rate. Lastly, in the third phase, countries act to make their roads safer. The trick, then, is to reach the third stage sooner by focusing earlier and more closely on fatal accidents. How to do that? The solution lies not just in better infrastructure, but in better social incentives. Safe driving habits are practices which people know they should follow but often don’t. Dangerous driving is not a fixed cultural trait as some imagine. People respond to incentives such as traffic laws that are actually enforced. Questions 22 to 25 are based on the recording you have just heard. 22. What does the speaker say about traffic accidents in Thailand? 23. What do we learn from an American institute’s statistics regarding road deaths? 24. What is said about middle income countries? 25. What else could be done to reduce fatal road accidents in addition to safer roads?事实细节题。短文中提到,据该研究所称,自世纪之交以来,死亡总人数或多或少保持不变,但这掩盖了各个国家的许多变化。因此答案为C)。
【正确答案】
B
【答案解析】原文: According to official statistics, Thailand’s annual road-death rate is almost double the global average. Thai people know that their roads are dangerous, but they don’t know this could easily be changed. Globally, road accidents kill more people every year than any infectious disease. Researchers at the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation in America, put the death toll in 2017 at 1.24 million. According to the institute, the overall number of deaths has been more or less static since the turn of the century. But that disguises a lot of changes in individual countries. In many poor countries, road accidents are killing more people than ever before. Those countries have swelling young populations of fast-growing fleet of cars and motorbikes and a limited supply of surgeons. It is impossible to know for sure, because official statistics are so inadequate. But deaths are thought to have risen by 40% since 1990 in many low income countries. In many rich countries, by contrast, roads are becoming even safer. In Estonia and Ireland, for example, the number of death has fallen by about two thirds since the late 1990s. But the most important and intriguing changes are taking place in middle income countries, which contain most of the world’s people and have some of the most dangerous roads. According to researchers, in China and South Africa traffic deaths have been falling since 2000, and in India since 2012, and the Philippines reached its peak four years ago. The question is whether Thailand can soon follow suit. Rob McKinney, head of the International Road Assessment Program, says that all countries tend to go through three phases. They begin with poor, slow roads. In the second phase, as they grow wealthier, they pave the roads, allowing traffic to move faster and pushing up the death rate. Lastly, in the third phase, countries act to make their roads safer. The trick, then, is to reach the third stage sooner by focusing earlier and more closely on fatal accidents. How to do that? The solution lies not just in better infrastructure, but in better social incentives. Safe driving habits are practices which people know they should follow but often don’t. Dangerous driving is not a fixed cultural trait as some imagine. People respond to incentives such as traffic laws that are actually enforced. Questions 22 to 25 are based on the recording you have just heard. 22. What does the speaker say about traffic accidents in Thailand? 23. What do we learn from an American institute’s statistics regarding road deaths? 24. What is said about middle income countries? 25. What else could be done to reduce fatal road accidents in addition to safer roads?细节理解题。短文中提到,最重要和最有趣的变化正在中等收入国家发生,这些国家的人口占世界人口的大多数,道路也最危险。据研究人员称,中国和南非的交通事故死亡人数自2000年以来一直在下降,印度的交通事故死亡人数自2012年以来也在下降,菲律宾的交通事故死亡人数在四年前达到顶峰。因此答案为B)。
【正确答案】
A
【答案解析】原文: According to official statistics, Thailand’s annual road-death rate is almost double the global average. Thai people know that their roads are dangerous, but they don’t know this could easily be changed. Globally, road accidents kill more people every year than any infectious disease. Researchers at the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation in America, put the death toll in 2017 at 1.24 million. According to the institute, the overall number of deaths has been more or less static since the turn of the century. But that disguises a lot of changes in individual countries. In many poor countries, road accidents are killing more people than ever before. Those countries have swelling young populations of fast-growing fleet of cars and motorbikes and a limited supply of surgeons. It is impossible to know for sure, because official statistics are so inadequate. But deaths are thought to have risen by 40% since 1990 in many low income countries. In many rich countries, by contrast, roads are becoming even safer. In Estonia and Ireland, for example, the number of death has fallen by about two thirds since the late 1990s. But the most important and intriguing changes are taking place in middle income countries, which contain most of the world’s people and have some of the most dangerous roads. According to researchers, in China and South Africa traffic deaths have been falling since 2000, and in India since 2012, and the Philippines reached its peak four years ago. The question is whether Thailand can soon follow suit. Rob McKinney, head of the International Road Assessment Program, says that all countries tend to go through three phases. They begin with poor, slow roads. In the second phase, as they grow wealthier, they pave the roads, allowing traffic to move faster and pushing up the death rate. Lastly, in the third phase, countries act to make their roads safer. The trick, then, is to reach the third stage sooner by focusing earlier and more closely on fatal accidents. How to do that? The solution lies not just in better infrastructure, but in better social incentives. Safe driving habits are practices which people know they should follow but often don’t. Dangerous driving is not a fixed cultural trait as some imagine. People respond to incentives such as traffic laws that are actually enforced. Questions 22 to 25 are based on the recording you have just heard. 22. What does the speaker say about traffic accidents in Thailand? 23. What do we learn from an American institute’s statistics regarding road deaths? 24. What is said about middle income countries? 25. What else could be done to reduce fatal road accidents in addition to safer roads?细节归纳题。短文中提到,解决之道不仅在于改善基础设施,还在于改善社会激励机制。安全驾驶习惯是人们知道他们应该遵循但往往没有遵循的做法。危险驾驶并非像某些人想象的那样是一种固定的文化特征。人们会对实际执行的交通法规等激励措施做出反应。因此答案为A)。