单选题

Awarded the Nobel Prize for physics in 1918, German physicist Max Planck is best remembered as the originator of the quantum theory. His work helped usher in a new era in theoretical physics and revolutionized the scientific community's understanding of atomic and subatomic processes.
Planck introduced an idea that led to the quantum theory, which became the foundation of twentieth century physics. In December 1900, Planck worked out an equation that described the distribution of radiation accurately over the range of low to high frequencies. He had developed a theory which depended on a model of matter that seemed very strange at the time. The model required the emission of electromagnetic radiation in small chunks or particles. These particles were later called quantums. The energy associated with each quantum is measured by multiplying the frequency of the radiation, v, by a universal constant, h. Thus, energy, or E, equals hv. The constant, h, is known as Planck's constant. It is now recognized as one of the fundamental constants of the world.
Planck announced his findings in 1900, but it was years before the full consequences of his revolutionary quantum theory were recognized. Throughout his life, Planck made significant contributions to optics, thermodynamics and statistical mechanics, physical chemistry, among other fields.

单选题 In which of the following fields did Max Planck NOT make a significant conla4bution?

【正确答案】 D

【答案解析】[分析] 是非题型。文中最后一句(Through out his life, Planck made significant contributions to {{U}}optics{{/U}}, {{U}}thermodynamics{{/U}} and {{U}}statistical mechanics{{/U}}, {{U}}physical chemistry{{/U}}, among other fields. )提到马克斯•普朗克在光学、热力学、统计力学、物理化学等领域作出了巨大贡献。其中提到A、B、C三个选项，只有D没有提及，故选项D正确。

单选题 The word "revolutionary" as used in Line 16 means ______.

【正确答案】 C

【答案解析】[分析] 词义题型。 Planck announced his findings in 1900, but it was years before the full consequences of his revolutionary quantum theory were recognized．此句意为：普朗克在1900年公布了量子理论，但直到多年后他的划时代(革命性)的量子理论才整体得到承认。A．radical根本的，激进的；B．extremist极端主义(者)；C．momentous重大的，重要的；D．militaristic军国主义的，尚武的；因此C为正确选项。

单选题 It can be inferred from the passage that Planck's work led to the development of which of the following?

【正确答案】 B

【答案解析】[分析] 推断题型。见第一段：His work helped usher in a new era in theoretical physics and revolutionized the scientific community's understanding of atomic and subatomic processes．他的工作引导理论物理进入了一个新的时代并使科学界对原子，亚原子的理解有了彻底改变。由此可推断他的工作推动了B．The atomic bomb原子弹的发展。

单选题 The particles of electromagnetic radiation given off by matter are known as ______.

【正确答案】 A

【答案解析】[分析] 细节题型。见文章第二段第四、五句：The model required the emission of electromagnetic radiation in small chunks or particles. These particles were later called quantums．由此可看出发出电磁辐射的微粒应为quantums(量子)，选项A正确。

单选题 The implication in this passage is that ______.

【正确答案】 B

【答案解析】[分析] 推断题型。见文章第二段的第一和第二句：Planck introduced an idea that led to the quantum theory, which became the foundation of twentieth century physics. In December 1900, Planck worked out an equation that described the distribution of radiation accurately over the range of low to high frequencies．可推出：导致20世纪物理学发展的量子论基本上是一个数学公式，所以选项B正确。