【正确答案】 1、正确答案：Literal translation and free translation are notions which have been in the center of most translation controversies for many centuries. Both of them are basic skills of translation. Literal translation refers to the translation keeping the original message form, including the construction of sentence, the meaning of words, metaphors and so on. Free translation is a type of translation in which more attention is paid to producing a natural target text. It pays less attention to the original form including the construction of the original sentences, the meaning of the original words, metaphors of the original and so on, only pursuing the similarity in spirit to the original. Generally speaking, free translation is more target-language-oriented than literal translation. Then in the process of translation, how are these two translation skills used? Here are some examples: 1)to kill two birds with one stone Literal translation:一石二鸟 Free translation: 一箭双雕；一举两得 2)山雨欲来风满楼 Literal translation: The wind sweeping through the tower heralds a rising storm in the mountains. Free translation: A turbulent situation foretells a big event. / Coming events cast their shadows before.