单选题 Teenagers at risk of depression, anxiety and suicide often wear their troubles like a neon (霓虹灯) sign. Their risky behaviors—drinking too much alcohol, using illegal drugs, smoking cigarettes and skipping school—can alert parents and teachers that serious problems are brewing.
But a new study finds that there's another group of adolescents who are in nearly as much danger of experiencing the same psychiatric symptoms: teens who use tons of media, don't get enough sleep and have a sedentary (不爱活动的) lifestyle.
Of course, that may sound like a description of every teenager on the planet. But the study warns that it is teenagers who engage in all three of these practices in the extreme who are truly in jeopardy. Because their behaviors are not usually seen as a red flag, these young people have been dubbed the 'invisible risk' group by the study's authors.
'In some ways they're at greater risk of falling through the cracks,' says researcher Vladimir Carli. 'While most parents, teachers and clinicians would react to an adolescent using drugs or getting drunk, they may easily overlook teenagers who are engaging in inconspicuous behaviors.'
The study's authors surveyed 12,395 students and analyzed nine risk behaviors, including excessive alcohol use, illegal drug use, heavy smoking, high media use and truancy (逃学). Their aim was to determine the relationship between these risk behaviors and mental health issues in teenagers.
About 58% of the students demonstrated none or few of the risk behaviors. Some 13% scored high on all nine of the risk behaviors. And 29%, the 'invisible risk' group, scored high on three in particular.. They spent five hours a day or more on electronic devices. They slept six hours a night or less. And they neglected 'other healthy activities.'
The group that scored high on all nine of the risk behaviors was most likely to show symptoms of depression; in all, nearly 15% of this group reported being depressed, compared with just 4% of the low-risk group. But the invisible group wasn't far behind the high-risk set, with more than 13% of them exhibiting depression.
The findings caught Carli off guard. 'We were very surprised,' he says. 'The high-risk group and low-risk group are obvious. But this third group was not only unexpected, it was so distinct and so large—nearly one third of our sample—that it became a key finding of the study.'
Carli says that one of the most significant things about his study is that it provides new early-warning signs for parents, teachers and mental health-care providers. And early identification, support and treatment for mental health issues, he says, are the best ways to keep them from turning into full-blown disorders.

单选题 What does the author mean by saying 'Teenagers at risk of depression, anxiety and suicide often wear their troubles like a neon sign' (Lines 1-2, Para. 1)? ______

A、 Mental problems can now be found in large numbers of teenagers.
B、 Teenagers' mental problems are getting more and more attention.
C、 Teenagers' mental problems are often too conspicuous not to be observed.
D、 Depression and anxiety are the most common symptoms of mental problems.

【正确答案】 C

【答案解析】根据原句直接定位至第1段。题目实际是询问首句的意思，其中关键是对neon sign“霓虹灯信号”的理解。此处可根据下文内容进行推断。第1句提到这些青少年的危险行为(risky behaviors)，如酗酒、吸烟等，可以引起家长和老师的警惕(alert)。而文章在第2至4段提到另外一类行为，如沉迷媒体、睡眠不足、久坐，作者将这些行为形容为not usually seen as a red flag“不起警示作用”、invisible“隐形的”、easily overlook“易被忽略”、inconspicuous behaviors“不明显的行为”。由此结合“霓虹灯”可知，首段提到的第一组行为是明显的，不易被忽略的，故C项“青少年的精神问题通常很明显，易被发现”正确，且注意其中的conspicuous正好是原文inconspicuous的反义词。从“霓虹灯”本身特点：非常耀眼、常用作招牌、在夜间吸引顾客，也可推断“霓虹灯”的意思应该是“较为明显的……”。注意文中用like a neon sign来修饰wear，即用“霓虹灯”来比喻青少年表现问题的方式，而不是想说他们有精神问题，故A项“很多青少年都有精神问题”不对。B项“青少年的精神问题得到越来越多的关注”偏离重点，文中是说症状足够明显，能引起关注，而非引来越来越多关注。D项“抑郁和焦虑是最常见的精神问题症状”也是偏离主题，文章只是用抑郁症和焦虑作心理问题的举例，至于它们是否是最常见的症状，文中并没有提到。 [参考译文] 患上抑郁症、焦虑症和自杀风险的青少年常常会像霓虹灯一样，清楚地显示他们身处麻烦。他们的危险行为，如酗酒、吸毒、吸烟和逃学，提醒着父母和老师，严重的问题正在酝酿之中。但一项新的研究发现，另一种青少年很可能同样面临着类似的精神症状：他们沉迷于网络媒体，没有足够的睡眠，而且不爱活动。当然，这听起来像是对地球上每个青少年的描述。但该研究发出警告，将这三项习惯进行到极端状态的青少年会面临真正的危险。因为他们这些行为通常不被视作危险的信号，所以研究的作者将这类人称为“隐形风险”组。研究员弗拉基米尔·卡利说：“在某种程度上，他们的行为更容易被忽视。虽然大多数家长、教师和临床医生会对吸毒或醉酒的青少年采取行动，但他们可能容易忽视青少年的这些不明显的行为。” 该研究的作者调查了12395名学生，并分析了九种危险行为，包括过度饮酒、吸毒、重度吸烟、沉迷媒体和逃学。他们的目的是确定这些风险行为和青少年心理健康问题之间的关系。约58%的学生没有或几乎没有表现出危险行为。约有13%的学生在所有九个危险行为中得分都较高。而29%的学生属于“隐形风险”组，尤其在以下三项中得分非常高：每天花费五个小时或以上在电子设备上；每晚睡6小时或更少；忽视“其他健康活动”。在所有九种危险行为中得分最高的组最可能有抑郁症的症状：该组中，合共有近15%的学生表示抑郁，而低危组只有4%。但是隐形风险组并不落后于高风险组，其中超过13%的学生有抑郁症状。调查结果是卡利没有想到的。“我们非常惊讶，”他说：“高危组和低危组是否有症状的答案非常明显。但这第三组的结果不仅出乎意料，而且特点鲜明，占比大(近三分之一)，它成为这次研究的关键发现。卡利说，这次研究最重要的一点是，它为父母、教师和治疗精神疾病的医护人员提供了新的预警信号，而尽早识别并提供帮助和治疗，是防止精神问题恶化成精神完全失常的最好方法。

单选题 What is the finding of the new study? ______

A、 Teenagers' lifestyles have changed greatly in recent years.
B、 Many teenagers resort to drugs or alcohol for mental relief.
C、 Teenagers experiencing psychological problems tend to use a lot of media.
D、 Many hitherto unobserved youngsters may have psychological problems.

【正确答案】 D

【答案解析】根据题干中的finding of the new study定位至第2段。本题询问这项新研究的发现是什么，故第2段finds that后的内容即为答案。文章首先指出另一组受调查的青少年有第1段所述的精神问题(the same psychiatric symptoms)，之后列举了三种行为，即沉迷媒体、睡眠不足、久坐。第3、4段将这些行为形容为not usually seen as a red flag“不起警示作用”、invisible“隐形的”、easily overlook“易被忽略”、inconspicuous behaviors“不明显的行为”。结合这些信息可知，行为不易被人注意的人也可能有精神方面的疾病，D项“很多没有被注意到的青少年也许有心理问题”正确。 A项“青少年的生活方式近些年发生了重大改变”是利用文中的lifestyle作干扰。虽然第3段首句提了这些生活方式非常普遍，但并不能说明这些生活方式是近些年才发生的变化，故排除A项。B项“很多青少年借毒品和酒精解决精神压力”，文中在第1段提到的是危险行为的表现，这与研究无关。C项“有精神问题的青少年通常沉迷于媒体”是对第2段内容的错误逆推，沉迷于媒体是有精神问题的一种表现形式，但并不代表有精神问题的就通常是沉迷媒体，故C项说法不正确。

单选题 Why do the researchers refer to teens who use tons of media, don't get enough sleep and have a sedentary lifestyle as the 'invisible risk' group? ______

A、 Their behaviors can be an invisible threat to society.
B、 Their behaviors do not constitute a warning signal.
C、 Their behaviors do not tend towards mental problems.
D、 Their behaviors can be found in almost all teenagers on earth.

【正确答案】 B

【答案解析】根据题干中的“invisible risk” group定位至第3段第3句。本题询问“隐形风险”组名字的由来。文中指出“隐形风险”组的行为不被视作“红旗”(not usually seen as a red flag)，注意其中的red flag是比喻说法，类似中文说的“亮红灯”，喻指危险的警报，故B项“他们的行为并没有显示警示信号”正确，其中的a warning signal对应文中的a red flag。 A项“这些行为可对社会造成隐形的威胁”，文中invisible指的是该类青少年危险的行为，与社会威胁没有关系。C项“这些行为并不会导致精神问题”，但是文章第3段第2句指出，将这些习惯进行到极端状态的青少年可能会有问题，C项与此相矛盾。D项“这些行为可以在地球上每一个青少年身上找到”出现在文章第3段第1句，符合文中所述，但这并不是把受调查者归为“隐形风险”组的原因，属于答非所问。

单选题 What does the new study find about the invisible group? ______

A、 They are almost as liable to depression as the high-risk group.
B、 They suffer from depression without showing any symptoms.
C、 They do not often demonstrate risky behaviors as their peers.
D、 They do not attract the media attention the high-risk group does.

【正确答案】 A

【答案解析】根据题干中的invisible group定位至第7段最后一句。本题询问该研究对“隐形风险”组的发现。第7段首句分号后提到，高风险组中近15%的受调查者表示抑郁，而最后一句则说“隐形风险”组并不落后他们太多(wasn't far behind the high-risk set)，也有超过13%的受调查者表现出抑郁症，从这里可以得知隐形风险组患抑郁的风险与高风险组十分接近，故确定A项“他们几乎与高风险组一样易于患抑郁症”为答案。 B项“他们得了抑郁症，但没有任何症状”，而文章说的是这些青年的症状就是些易被忽略的行为，并不是说他们没有显示任何症状。文章只是说到“隐形风险”组的青少年行为不易被察觉，并不是“他们不像其他青少年表现出危险的行为”，因此C项的说法不对。D“他们并不像高风险组一样吸引媒体的注意”利用media作干扰，文中的media是指青少年过度使用媒体，而不是得到媒涔的关注。

单选题 What is the significance of Vladimir Carli's study? ______

A、 It offers a new treatment for psychological problems among teenagers.
B、 It provides new early-warning signals for identifying teens in trouble.
C、 It may have found an ideal way to handle teenagers with behavioral problems.
D、 It sheds new light on how unhealthy behaviors trigger mental health problems.

【正确答案】 B

【答案解析】根据题干中的significance定位至最后1段第1句。本题询问研究的意义，最后一段首句中的most significant...study与题干中的significance of Vladimir Carli's study对应。该句提到这个研究提供了新的早期预警信号(it provides New early-warning signs)。B项“它为识别问题青年提供了早期预警信号”与原文表述一致。 A项“研究为青少年的心理问题提供了新的疗法”利用末段中的treatment一词作干扰，但new treatment“新疗法”并没有在文中提到，故排除。C项“该研究为帮助有行为问题的青少年提供了完美的方法”利用段末的best ways作干扰，该部分是说早识别、提供帮助和治疗可以防止精神问题恶化，C项内容与文章不符。D项“研究揭示了不健康行为会导致精神问题”，但文中说的是这些危险行为与心理健康问题的联系，并不是不健康行为与心理健康问题的联系，两者有区别，故也不选。