【正确答案】不改变信用政策:
平均收现期=60%×15+40%×80%×30+40%×20%×40=21.8(天)
应收账款应计利息=4×100/360×21.8×60/100×12%+2×300/360×21.8×240/300×12%=5.23(万元)
存货占用资金的应计利息=(4×20%×50+2×20%×200)×12%=14.4(万元)
平均应付账款应计利息=(4×20%×50+2×20%×200)×30%×12%=4.32(万元)
Average collecting period and accrued interests for account receivables before changing the credit policy:
Average cash collection period=60%×15+40%×80%×30+40%×20%×40=21.8 (days)
Accrued interests for account receivables=4×100/360×21.8×60/100×12%+2×300/360×21.8×240/300×12%=5.23(10 thousand yuan)
Accrued interests for inventories occupied=(4×20%×50+2×20%×200)×12%=14.4(10 thousand yuan)
Accrued interest for average account payables=(4×20%×50+2×20%×200)×30%×12%=4.32(10 thousand yuan)
【正确答案】改变信用政策:
平均收现期=70%×10+30%×50%×20+30%×50%×40=16(天)
应收账款应计利息=1200×40%/360×16×60/100×12%+1200×60%/360×16×240/300×12%=4.61(万元)
存货占用资金的应计利息=(4×1200/1000×25%×50+2×1200/1000×25%×200)×12%=21.6(万元)
平均应付账款应计利息=(4×1200/1000×25%×50+2×1200/1000×25%×200)×40%×12%=8.64(万元)
Average collecting period and accrued interests for account receivables after changing
the credit policy.
Average cash collection period=70%×10+30%×50%×20+30%×50%×40=16(days)
Accrued interests for account receivables=1200×40%/360×16×60/100×12%+1200×60%/360×16×240/300×12%=4.61(10 thousand yuan)
Accrued interests for inventories occupied=(4×1200/1000×25%×50+2×1200/1000×25%×200)×12%=21.6(10 thousand yuan)
Accrued interest for average account payables=(4×1200/1000×25%×50+2×1200/1000×25%×200)×40%×12%=8.64(10 thousand yuan)
【答案解析】
问答题
计算改变信用政策引起的损益变动净额,并据此说明公司应否改变信用政策。
【正确答案】每年损益变动额:
增加的收入=1200-(4×100+2×300)=200(万元)
增加的变动成本=(1200×40%×60/100-4×60)+(1200×60%×240/300-2×240)=144(万元)
增加的现金折扣=1200×70%×5%-(4×100+2×300)×60%×2%=30(万元)
增加的应收账款应计利息=4.61-5.23=-0.62(万元)
增加的应付账款节省的利息=8.64-4.32=4.32(万元)
增加的存货占用资金利息=21.6-14.4=7.2(万元)
增加的固定成本=130-120=10 (万元)
增加的收账费用=1200×30%×50%×10%-(4×100+2×300)×40%×20%×10%=10(万元)
增加的坏账损失=0
增加的税前收益=200-144-30-(-0.62)-104-4.32-7.2-10=3.74(万元)
由于信用政策改变后增加的税前收益大于零,所以,公司应该改变信用政策。
Increased revenues=1200-(4×100+2×300)=200(10 thousand yuan)
Increased variable costs=(1200×40%×60/100-4×60)+(1200×60%×240/300-2×240)=144(10 thousand yuan)
Increased settlement discount=1200×70%×5%-(4×100+2×300)×60%×2%=30(10 thousand yuan)
Accrued interests for increased account receivables=4.61-5.23=-0.62(10 thousand yuan)
Interests saved for increased account payables=8.64-4.32=4.32(10 thousand yuan)
Accrued interests for increased inventories occupied=21.6-14.4=7.2(10 thousand yuan)
Increased fixed costs=130-120=10(10 thousand yuan)
Increased expenses for collecting=1200×30%×50%×10%-(4×100+2×300)×40%×20%×10%=10(10 thousand yuan)
Increased loss for bad debts=0
Increased earnings before tax=200-144-30-(-0.62)-10+4.32-7.2-10=3.74(10 thousand yuan)
Increased earnings before tax is above 0 after changing credit policy,SO the company should change the credit policy.