方言是一群具有某些共同的非语言特征的人所使用的一种语言的次类。我们难以找到一个能够准确区分方言和语言的定义,因为方言和语言的区别不是绝对的,任何刻板的定义都是不确切的。
英国英语和美国英语是同一语言的两种方言,这一点似乎是很清楚的。各国所使用的各种不同的英语跟英国英语一样,都是同一语言的地方方言,为方便起见都被称为英语。
但是,有些语言的变体既不能和社会团体联系起来,也不能和个人联系起来,而只能和使用的场合联系起来。这种变体叫作语域,它们在言语中的重要性终于开始被人们认识到了。语域的研究可以当作是在使用语言的语境中考察语言。
无A dialect is a sub-division of a language used by a group of people who share certain common non-linguistic features. It’ s hard to give a definition that can definitely distinguish dialect from language, for the difference between them is not absolute. In other words, any rigid definition is not accurate.
It appears to be clear that British English and American English are two dialects of the same language-English. Like British English, various kinds of English applied by different countries are different dialects of English. But for the sake of convenience, they are all simply called as English.
However, variations in some languages are neither associated with social groups nor connected with individuals, but only with situations where they are used. Such variations are called registers, whose importance has finally been noticed by us. The study of register can be regarded as the study of language in the context of using language.