问答题 Write a critical essay in response to the following questions about Shakespeare"s Hamlet.(30 points)1. Is Hamlet a "a sweet prince" or an "arrant knave"?(4 points)2. Why does Hamlet delay in killing Claudius?(4 points)3. Is Hamlet mad?(2 points)4. To what extent is it right to call Hamlet a revenge play?(10 points)5. How important are politics and comedy in Hamlet?(10 points)
【正确答案】正确答案:In the play, Hamlet more often presents himself as an "arrant knave" than as a "sweet prince". Because he does certain things throughout the play which we may consider as unreasonable. For instance, his treatment of Ophelia and his two old schoolmates, Rosencrantz and Guildenstern. But I"d rather see him as a "sweet prince". It is true that Hamlet does not act like a complete gentleman throughout the play. However, his actions can be explained by the circumstances in which he commits them. Hamlet is on the battlefront of his own war, a war to avenge his father, and he also has a duty to Denmark to ensure his country the best leader possible. The way Hamlet treats certain people throughout the play can be explained by his actions. Hamlet reacts appropriately. Overall, it is apparent that Hamlet is acting in a way that makes sense for a good man in such a situation. Hamlet delayed in killing Claudius, as he passed by the king"s chamber and saw Claudius praying. If he killed Claudius when he was praying for his guilt, then he would help Claudius to enter the heaven. Readers" views differ about the reason to the delay. Some consider the delay as Hamlet"s flaw in personality. But I think he delays because of his social and political ideal. Because Hamlet engages himself in a personal revenge and at the same time attempts to set right the "time" that is "out of joint". He is an idealist and what he wants is not a secret revenge but an open punishment to the killer. Hamlet certainly displays a high degree of mania and instability throughout much of the play, but his "madness" is perhaps too purposeful and pointed for us to conclude that he actually loses his mind. His language is erratic and wild, but beneath his mad-sounding words often lie acute observations that show the sane mind working bitterly beneath the surface. Most likely, Hamlet"s decision to feign madness is a sane one, taken to confuse his enemies and hide his intentions. He may not be mad, but he is close to the edge of sanity during many of the most intense moments in the play. Hamlet fits into the revenge category, as in this play there is a secret murder, a ghostly visitation of the murder victim, a period of disguise, intrigue and so on. But what separates Hamlet from other revenge plays is the way in which it complicates themes and deepens the psychology of its models, the straightforward duty of revenge for Prince Hamlet is both factually and morally ambiguous. So Hamlet is a revenge tragedy, and it is much more than a revenge play. Politics and comedy play an inseparable role in complicating the play. Hamlet"s objective is personal revenge, and he also thinks of eliminating the social evil of the day and social reforms. This play has been read as enacting a thematic conflict between the Roman values of martial valor and blood-right on the one hand, and Christian values of humility and acceptance on the other hand. The comedy of Hamlet contributes to the play"s uniqueness: Hamlet"s sharp wit and his puns add to his complexity and convey his intellectual brilliance. The comic characters in the play, such as Polonius, Osric, direct the audience"s attention to the deeper issues and darker aspects of the play.
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