单选题 Telecommuting--substituting the computer for the trip to the job--has been hailed as a solution to all kinds of problems related to office work. (78) For workers it promises freedom from the office, less time wasted in traffic, and help with childcare conflicts. For management, telecommuting helps keep high performers on board, minimizes lateness and absenteeism by eliminating commuters (经常乘火车往返者), allows periods of solitude (独处) for high concentration tasks, and provides scheduling flexibility. In some areas, such as Southern California, Seattle, and Washington, local governments are encouraging companies to start telecommuting programs in order to reduce rush-hour traffic and improve air quality.
But these benefits do not come easily. Making a telecommuting program work requires careful planning and an understanding of the differences between telecommuting realities and popular images. Many workers are seduced by rosy illusions of life as a telecommuter. A computer programmer from New York City moves to the quiet Adirondack Mountains and stays in contact with her office via computer. A manager comes in to his office three days a week and works at home the other two. An accountant stays home to care for her sick child; she hooks up her telephone modern connections and does office work between calls to the doctor.
These are powerful images, but they are a limited reflection of reality. (79) Telecommuting workers soon learn that it is almost impossible to concentrate on work and care for a young child at the same time. Before a certain age, young children cannot recognize, much less respect, the necessary boundaries between work and family. Additional child support is necessary if the parent is to get any work done.
Management, too, must separate the myth from the reality. Although the media has paid a great deal of attention to telecommuting, in most cases it is the employee's situation, not the availability of technology, that precipitates (加速……来临) a telecommuting arrangement.
That is partly why, despite the widespread press coverage, the number of companies with work-at-home programs or policy guidelines remains small.

单选题 What is the main subject of the passage ?
A. Bussiness management policies.
B. Driving to work.
C. Extending the work place by means of computers.
D. Computers for child-care purposes.

单选题 Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a problem for employers that is potentially solved by telecommuting ?
A. Employees' lateness for work.
B. Employees' absence from work.
C. Employees' need for time alone to work intensively.
D. Employees' conflicts with second jobs.

单选题 In which area does the local government encourage telecommuting programs according to the passage?
A. New York City. B. Adirondack Mountains.
C. Washington. D. New York State.

单选题 Which of the following does the author mention as a possible disadvantage of telecommuting ?
A. Small children cannot understand the boundaries of work and play.
B. Computer technology is never advanced enough to accommodate the needs of every situation.
C. Electrical malfunctions can destroy a project.
D. The worker often does not have all the needed resources at home.

单选题 Which of the following is example ofteleeommuting as described in the passage ?
A. A scientist in a laboratory developing plans for a space station.
B. A technical writer sending via computer documents created at home.
C. A computer technician repairing an office computer network.
D. A teacher directing computer-assisted learning in a private school.