单选题
Many people who have not visited Britain call all the inhabitants English, for they are used to thinking of the British Isles as England. {{U}}(71) {{/U}}, the British Isles contain a variety of peoples, and only the people of England call themselves English. The others{{U}} (72) {{/U}}to themselves as Welsh, Scottish, or Irish, {{U}}(73) {{/U}}the case may be; they are often slightly annoyed{{U}} (74) {{/U}}being classified as "English".
Even in England there are many{{U}} (75) {{/U}}in regional character and speech. The chief{{U}} (76) {{/U}}is between southern England and northern England. South of a{{U}} (77) {{/U}}going from Bristol to London, people speak the type of English usually learnt by international students, {{U}}(78) {{/U}}there are local variations.
Further north, regional speech is usually "{{U}} (79) {{/U}}" than that of southern Britain. Northerners are{{U}} (80) {{/U}}to claim that they work harder than Southerners, and are more{{U}} (81) {{/U}}. They are openhearted and hospitable; visitors often find that they make friends with them{{U}} (82) {{/U}}. Northerners generally have hearty{{U}} (83) {{/U}}: the visitor to Lancashire or Yorkshire, for instance, may look forward to receiving generous{{U}} (84) {{/U}}at meal times.
In accent and character the people of the Midlands{{U}} (85) {{/U}}a gradual change from the southern to the northern type of Englishman.
In Scotland the sound{{U}} (86) {{/U}}by the letter "R" is generally a strong sound, and "R" is often pronounced in words in which it would be{{U}} (87) {{/U}}in southern English. The Scots are said to be a serious, cautious, thrifty people, {{U}}(88) {{/U}}inventive and somewhat mystical. All the Celtic peoples of Britain (the Welsh, the Irish, the Scots) are frequently{{U}} (89) {{/U}}as being more "fiery" than the English. They are{{U}} (90) {{/U}}a race that is quite distinct from the English.
【正确答案】 D
【答案解析】语篇连接题。选项A In consequence意为“因此”,表因果关系;选项B In brief表示“总而言之”,用于总结上文;选项C In general“一般说来”,用于概括叙述;选项D In fact表示“实际上”,常用于语气的转折。文章首句说:很多没有到过大不列颠的外国人把那里所有的居民统称为English,即英国人,因为他们习惯把大不列颠群岛称为英格兰。下文强调:大不列颠群岛住着各种民族,而只有居住在英格兰的人们才把自己称为English,因此两句之间是转折关系。D是正确答案。
【正确答案】 C
【答案解析】语意搭配题。选项C refer:refer to...as...意为“把…称为…”,例如:California is referred to as the "Golden State".(加利福尼亚被称为“黄金之州”。)选项A confine:confine... to...意为“把…局限于”,例如:Could you confine your discussion to the matter in question?你能把发言限定在正在讨论的问题上吗?选项 B attach:attach...to...意为“系上,贴上,依恋”,例如:I attached a photo to my application form.我在申请表上贴了一张照片。选项D add:add to意为“增加”,相当于increase,例如:The news added to his anxiety.这条消息增加了他的焦虑。句意:其他居民把自己称为“威尔士人”、“苏格兰人”或“爱尔兰人”。
【正确答案】 A
【答案解析】此题属于语法题。根据语法,本题应填入引导非限定性定语从句的关系代词,故在选项A as与选项B which之间选择。两者均可引导非限定性定语从句,指代整个主句的意思,但as引导的定语从句对主句起相辅作用,意为“正如”等意义,位置灵活,可置于句首、句中或句末。例如:As you may know, water consists of oxygen and hydrogen.正如你所知道的,水是由氧和氢组成。所以A as是正确答案。选项C for用于并列句中,表示“因为”,例如:I caught a cold, for I had been walking around in the rain.选项D so也用于并列句中,表示“所以”。
【正确答案】 C
【答案解析】词语搭配题。动词annoy的习惯用法是:1) be annoyed at sth、对(某事)感到生气,例如:I was annoyed at his impoliteness.我对他的无礼感到生气。2) be annoyed with sb.,对(某人)感到生气,例如:She was annoyed with him for his being late.她对他的迟到感到生气。其余选项:A with、B by和C for都不合题意,故选C。句意:他们(指威尔士人、苏格兰人和爱尔兰人)对被一概归并为“英国人”常感到有些不快。
【正确答案】 B
【答案解析】语意搭配题。本题要求注意上下文的逻辑关系,上文讲到英伦三岛有好几个民族,下文讲英格兰各地区,even表示顺接上文,语气更近一步,可见下文还要讲差异。故选项A similarities(相同性),选项C certainties(确实性)和选项D features(特征)均不符合题意,正确答案是B differences(不同)。句意:甚至在英格兰,人们的性格与方言也存在着许多区域性的不同。
【正确答案】 D
【答案解析】语意搭配题。前一句中的differences暗示此句应选D division(区分,不一致)。选项A factor(因素),例如:His friendly manner was an important factor in his success.选项B virtue(美德),例如:The virtue of honesty is priceless.选项C privilege(特权,特别的优惠),例如:Education is a privilege in many countries.句意:主要的区别在于英格兰南北部之间。
【正确答案】 A
【答案解析】语意搭配题。选项A line(线,线条),例如:draw a line;又如:a fishing line;选项B row(行,排),例如:a row of houses;选项C border(边界,边沿),例如:a border of flowers asound the lawn(草坪四周边缘的花坛);选项D scale(尺度,规模),例如:business on a large scale(大规模的生意)。句意:在英格兰划一条从布里斯托到伦敦的线用以区别南部和北部,故选项A是正确答案。
【正确答案】 C
【答案解析】语篇连接题。主句与分句之间应是让步关系,故选C though。其余选项:A who、B when和D for都不符合题意。句意:从布里斯托到伦敦的连线以南,人们所说的英语就是外国学生通常学的那种英语,尽管有些地方性差异。
【正确答案】 B
【答案解析】语意搭配题。选项B broader(宽的,广阔的),例如:broad shoulders(宽阔的肩膀);也可用于表示(发音方面)带…口音的,口音重的,例如:a broad accent(带着明显的…口音)。因此B是正确答案。选项A wider宽松的,广泛的,例如:a wide skirt(宽松的裙子);又如:wide interests(广泛的兴趣)。选项C rarer和选项D scarcer都表示稀少的。句意:越往北去,方言的差异通常比英国南部越大。
【正确答案】 B
【答案解析】此题属于词语搭配题。选项B apt:be apt to do sth.表示倾向于,习惯于,例如:A careless person is apt to make mistakes.一个粗心人往往犯错误。因此B符合题意和语法。选项A used:be used to sth./doing sth.表示习惯于,例如:He bas been used to the weather here。选项C possible的用法是It is possible that...或It is possible for sb.to do sth.,例如:It is possible that I shall go there tomorrow.选项D probable用法为:Something.is probable或It is probable that...,例如:It is probable that it will rain。这三项都与原句不符,故选B。
【正确答案】 D
【答案解析】语意搭配题。选项D thorough表示彻底的,完全的,纯正的,可与more构成比较级,因此是正确答案。选项A perfect表示完美的,没有比较级和最高级形式;选项B notorious表示臭名昭著的,例如:a notorious thief(声名狼藉的窃贼),此选项与上下文内容相悖;选项C superior表示比…好,优越,已含有比较级含义,但不能与more连用,通常用法是A is superior to B,例如:This TV set is superior to that one in quality.这台电视机比那台的质量要好。句意:北部人往往声称他们比南部人更勤奋,因而是更纯粹的英国人。
【正确答案】 D
【答案解析】近义词辨析题。四个词都表示立刻地,但着重点不同。选项D quickly意为after only a very short time,例如:I realized fairly quickly that I was wrong.文中句子着重“交朋友”,那应是短时间之后的事,故选D。选项A swiftly强调行为发生的敏捷性,例如:They swiftly denied the accusation.(他们很快否认那桩起诉)。选项B promptly和选项C immediately都含有without delay的意义,例如:I'll deliver your purchases.我会立刻送你买的货。句意:北方人一般很亲切、好客,外国人经常发现自己能很快和他们交上朋友。
【正确答案】 A
【答案解析】语意搭配题。hearty appetites表示“心宽体胖胃口好”,选项B tastes意为“滋味,鉴赏力”,例如:a sweet taste(甜味);又如:a taste for music(音乐鉴赏力)。选项C interests意为“兴趣”,例如:an interest in music(对音乐的爱好)。选项D senses意为“感觉,见识”,例如:a sense of fear(恐惧感);又如:common sense(常识)。这三个选项都不符合题意。
【正确答案】 A
【答案解析】语意搭配题。选项A helpings意为“(饭菜的)分量”,正合句意。选项B offerings(供奉的物品),选项C fillings(填充物)和选项D findings(发现,结果)放在句子中都讲不通。句意:北部人一般心宽体胖胃口好,例如,到兰开郡或约克郡的参观者在吃饭时可以有望吃到丰厚的饭菜。
【正确答案】 A
【答案解析】语意搭配题。选项A represent意为“表示,代表”,例姐:For the boy,his father represents power.选项B designate意为“标明,指明”,例如:designate the city on the map;选项C demonstrate意为“证明,演示”,例如:demonstrate how to operate the machine;选项D reckon意为“认为”,例如:We reckon him(to be) diligent.原句中提到了Midland(中部地区)与南北部之间的关系,可推断其意为:从中部地区就可看出南北英国人之间的差异,故选A。句意:在口音和特征方面米德兰地区(英格兰中部)的人代表了从南部型英格兰人到北部型英格兰人的逐渐变化。
【正确答案】 B
【答案解析】形近词辨析题。选项B denoted意为“表示,意味着”,例如:A smile often denotes pleasure.(微笑常意味着愉快)。原句讲字母R的发音,应选B。选项A delivered意为“交付,投递”,表达,例如:deliver letters,又如:deliver o speech;选项C depicted意为“描绘”,例如:This painting depicts a story.(这幅画描述了一个故事)。选项D defined意为“给…下定义”,例如:Some words are hard to define.
【正确答案】 D
【答案解析】语意搭配题。此处指语言学中不发音的字母,用silent表示,选项A quiet(安静的),选项B obscure(模糊不清的)和选项C faint(微弱的)都不正确。句意:在苏格兰,字母“R”所表示的是强音,且“R”常常在有些词中读出声来,而在南部英语中这些词的R是不发音的。
【正确答案】 A
【答案解析】语意搭配题,考查副词含义的区别。选项A rather意为“有点,相当”,如:a rather cold day。下文中的 somewhat揭示我们应选一个与其意义相近的词,故A是正确答案。选项B still(仍然);选项C somehow (用某种方式,总算),如:Somehow or other I was able to work it out,选项D even(甚至),如:It is even colder today.句意:苏格兰人被认为是严肃、谨慎、俭朴的,富有创意又有点儿神秘。
【正确答案】 D
【答案解析】语搭配题。选项D described:describe...as意为“把…描述为…”,如:He described him as an artist.D是正确答案。选项A rendered:render+名词+形容词,意为“使…成为(某种状态)”,如:The sight rendered her shocked.选项B thought:think of sth./sb.as意为“把…认为是…”,如:We thought of him as our best friend.选项C impressed:impress sb.意为“给…留下印象”,如:The museum impressed me deeply.句意:英伦三岛的所有凯尔特人种(威尔士人、爱尔兰人、苏格兰人)常被描绘成比英格兰人“脾气更加粗暴”。
【正确答案】 B
【答案解析】语法题,需填入一个能表示有…特征的介词,介词of有这种用法,例如:a woman of ability。因此选B of。其余选项都没有这种用法。句意:他们具有与英国人完全不同的血统。