阅读理解
When successful corporate executives are asked how they got where they are, a common answer is, "I was lucky — I was in the right place at the right time" or, "I was working with someone who took me under his wing".
No question, luck always plays a role. But "fortune favors the prepared mind". Corporate climbers most likely to succeed make the best use of their brains and personality.
For most of the 20th century, intelligence meant IQ, measured by tests that focused on memory, logic, and analysis. However, the work of some psychologists describes other kinds of intelligence. Goleman popularized the concept of emotional intelligence as having to do with self-control, self understanding and empathy. Sternberg contrasted analytic intelligence with practical intelligence or street smarts and creative intelligence which includes imagination and aesthetic sensibility.
Analytic intelligence — the kind that gets you high scores on the SAT or graduate record exam — used to be the major ticket to higher education and the academic credentials essential to getting hired and moving up in a company. Of course, street smarts were always useful for knowing who to trust and whom to follow.
But as companies put a higher value on teamwork and customer relationships, interpersonal skills and emotional intelligence become more important. As the market demands continual innovation, creative intelligence — imagination and design capability — makes a difference.
Besides, you need to have the brains that make you an effective leader: strategic intelligence. Strategic intelligence combines aspects of analytic, practical and creative intelligence. It includes the ability to see future trends, the ability of systems drinking, to view parts in relation to the whole, focusing on how parts interact and evaluating them in relation to how well they serve the system''s purpose, the ability to design an organization as a social system, and the ability to motivate people to power that organization. Strategic intelligence, especially systems thinking, is in much shorter supply than the other kinds of intelligence.
Good leadership today requires all of these intellectual capabilities. But it is one thing to know what''s right, it''s another to take risks or do what is right even when there is no guarantee of success.
【答案解析】题目的四个选项涉及不同内容：A项与第四段相关和第七段有关。第四段提到分析能力和实践能力的重要性，第七段提到所有的智力因素在公司管理中都很重要：“Good leadership today requires all of these intellectual capabilities．”。所以A不符合文章的原意。B项和D项所提及的系统思维能力出现在第六段：“the ability of systems thinking，to view parts in relation to the whole，focusing on how parts interact and evaluating them in relation to how well they serve the system''s purpose”(系统思维能力，即窥一发而知全局的能力，能够通过分析局部的相互关系而衡量局部在整个体系中所起的作用)，可见D对于系统思维能力的解释是符合文章的原意的。C项的意思与原文不符，情商指的是自我控制、自我了解和理解他人方面的能力——self-control，self understanding and empathy；而想象力和设计能力属于创造力——creative intelligence，相关内容出现在第三段。
单选题
What does "street smart" mean according to the passage?
【正确答案】
B
【答案解析】“street smart”在本文出现两次：在第三段，Sternberg认为智力包括三类，与分析能力相对的是实践能力和创造力(Sternberg contrasted analytic intelligence with practical intelligence or street smarts)，通过“or”，我们知道“street smart”和“practical intelligence”是同义关系。在第四段，“street smarts were always useful for knowing who to trust and whom to follow．”(处事能力也很有用，它告诉人们该相信谁、追随谁)这句话告诉我们“street smart”和人际交往有关，因此我们判断B是正确答案。
单选题
What does the author mean in the last paragraph?
【正确答案】
C
【答案解析】段落主旨题。本文的写作特点是：文章的最后一段不仅仅是对上文的总结：“Good leadership today requires all of these intellectual capabilities．”(一个好的领导需要所有上述智力素质)；而且提出了新的问题：“it is one thing to know what''s right，it''s another to take risks or do what is fight even when there is no guarantee of success．”(知道对错是一回事，敢于冒险、采取行动做自己认为对的事，尤其是不能保证取得成功的事，又是一码事)；所以最后一段的要点在第二句话——“知”和“行”并不总是一致。选项中C符合段落的主旨。