阅读理解 In many ways, though, definition of such skills is quite unnecessary for an analysis of policing. It is really most unlikely that the average police officer will ever in his career perform or even witness those detective skills that he has enjoyed in countless TV productions. The reason for this is simply that the vast majority of crimes are usually either very likely to be solved by routine investigation or they are very unlikely to be solved at all. Fortunately, the clear-up rate for serious crimes tends to be very high. Zander (1979) has shown why. In his study of old bailey cases, the identity of the defendant(被告) seems to have been reasonably clear in 87% of cases. Morgan (1980 and ongoing) has shown that well over 92% of crimes known to the police are discovered by the public who provide the majority of decisive information. In Morgan''s study, crimes that were "solved" contained in their crime files over twice the amount of qualitative information as crimes that were not "solved". The various bits of information in the crime files were each rated by experienced police investigators on a Likert scale of value in terms of probability of detection, "solving" of the crime. In this, where information was. provided by the public during a police interview, the information was believed to the police "since it was felt that in an interview genuine police skills are involved in the collection of information." Evidently this method can be justified thus, but will necessarily overestimate the police role. Nevertheless, in this analysis of crime files it was shown that in cases where crimes were solved, the public still provided nearly twice the amount of information as the police.

单选题 It is very likely that the part previous to this passage is about ______.

【正确答案】 A

【答案解析】本题译文：本段选文的前面部分很可能是关于警察破案技术。本题为推理题。题干中 the part previous to this passage 指此段选文的前面部分，亦即上文。要知道上文大概与何内容有关，可从此段选文的首句或首段着手。因为此文首句或首段与上文靠得最近，内容方面往往有承上启下的关系，所以常常其中有上文用过的词语，或者有与上文有、相近的内容。此段选文中第一句用了"though"和"such skills"，表明它与上文有转折的关系，而且such skills一定指上文提过的某种skills。究竟是什么技能，还得从下文找线索，并与此句结合考虑。此句表明definition of such skills is quite unnecessary，我们可从下文确定究竟什么是unnecessary。从第二，三句可知此文涉及警察破案时所需的 information 和 detective skills。故而可推测such skills就是 detective skills或下文(倒数第四句)中所提及的police skills。答案便是选项A。

单选题 It can be learned from this passage that______.

A、 excellent detective skills are highly necessary for the police to solve crimes
B、 police officers'' experience in detection forms the basis for detective series on TV
C、 actual solving of a crime case is more demanding than the TV series show us
D、 the average police in practice rarely demonstrate or need the sophisticated detective skills shown on TV

【正确答案】 D

【答案解析】本题译文：从本文中可以得知，普通警察在实际中很少展示或需要电视中所显示的高深侦探技术。本题为局部理解题。此题四个选项中要么有detective skills 词语，要么有TV 这一词，令我们想到原文中包含这两个词语的句子——第二句，仔细阅读该句和其后两句就发现只有选项D符合选文内容。

单选题 According to the passage, the vast majority of crimes______.

单选题 According to Morgan, the solving of the overwhelming majority of crimes depends largely on ______.

【正确答案】 D

【答案解析】本题译文：根据Morgan，绝大多数的犯罪案件主要是依靠发现犯罪的公众所提供的信息而得以侦破的。本题为单句综合理解题。在解答上一题的基础上，再将注意力集中于depends largely on(主要取决于)这一概念，寻找破案的主要原因。原文山有这样两句：“Morgan(1980 and ongoing) has shown that well over 92% of crimes… the public who provided the majority of decisive information”；“in cases where crimes were solved．the public still provided nearly twice…as the police”。显然，文中多处强调大众所提信息的关键作用。