单选题 The fitness movement that began in the late 1960s and early 1970s centered around aerobic exercise (有氧操). Millions of individuals became engaged in a variety of aerobic activities, and literally thousands of health spas developed around the country to capitalize(获利) on this emerging interest in fitness, particularly aerobic dancing for females. A number of fitness spas existed prior to this aerobic fitness movement, even a national chain with spas in most major cities. However, their locus was not on aerobics, but rather on weight-training programs designed to develop muscular mass, strength, and endurance in their primarily male enthusiasts. These fitness spas did not seem to benefit financially from the aerobic fitness movement to better health, since medical opinion suggested that weight-training programs offered few, if any, health benefits. In recent years, however, weight training has again become increasingly popular for males and for females. Many current programs focus not only on developing muscular strength and endurance but on aerobic fitness as well.
Historically, most physical-fitness tests have usually included measures of muscular strength and endurance, not for health-related reasons, but primarily because such fitness components have been related to performance in athletics. However, in recent years, evidence has shown that training programs designed primarily to improve muscular strength and endurance might also offer some health benefits as well. The American College of Sports Medicine now recommends that weight training be part of a total fitness program for healthy Americans. Increased participation in such training is one of the specific physical activity and fitness objectives of Healthy People 2000: National Health Promotion and Disease Prevention Objectives.

单选题 The word "spas" (Line 3, Para. 1) most probably refers to ______.

单选题 Early fitness spas were intended mainly for ______.

【正确答案】 B

【答案解析】[解析] 根据第一段第三、四句“A number of fitness spas existed prior to this aerobic fitness movement, even a national chain with spas in most major cities. However, their focus was not on aerobics, but rather on weight-training programs designed to develop muscular mass, strength, and endurance in their primarily male enthusiasts.”可以得知在有氧健身运动之前，健身spa就存在了，而那时健身的重点在举重训练，耐久力等等。所以B项完全符合文意。

单选题 What was the attitude of doctors towards weight training in health improvement?

【正确答案】 C

【答案解析】[解析] 根据第一段第五句“These fitness spas did not seem to benefit financially from the aerobic fitness movement to better health, since medical opinion suggested that weight-training programs offered few, if any, health benefits.”得知医学方面的意见是举重训练对健康几乎没有益处。注意句中的few是否定词，所以选negative“否定的，消极的”。

单选题 People were given physical fitness tests in order to find out ______.

【正确答案】 A

【答案解析】[解析] 根据第二段首句“Historically, most physical-fitness tests have usually included measures of muscular strength and endurance, not for health-related reasons, but primarily because such fitness components have been related to performance in athletics.”得知大部分的身体体能测试通常包括肌肉力量和耐久力的测试，这并不是为了人们身体健康的原因，其主要是因为这样的体能健康要索与运动方面的表现是密切相关。所以A项“他们在运动方面的表现”符合题意。

单选题 Recent studies have suggested that weight training ______.

【正确答案】 D

【答案解析】[解析] 根据第二段第二句“However, in recent years, evidence has shown that training programs designed primarily to improve muscular strength and endurance might also offer some health benefits as well.”判断得知现在已有证据表明起初主要为提高肌肉力量和耐久力设定的训练项目同样对健康会有好处。随后举例“美国运动医学学院的建议”更说明了这一点。所以选D项。