近年来,在全球经济强劲增长的同时,国际贸易失衡也达到了极其严重的程度,这加剧了美元的波动。美元贬值过快可能造成全球经济的不稳定。不过,美元逐步贬值有助于解决贸易失衡问题。当然,这只是更全面解决问题的步骤之一。
一周来,美元汇率出现了剧烈波动。美元与欧元的比价下跌了3%,达到了20个月来的最低点。
全球经济保持长期健康发展,需要美元有所贬值。简而言之,贸易失衡问题与各国过于依赖快速增长的美国需求有关。美国是唯一需求增长速度长期超过经济产出增长速度的大国,这对全世界,特别是东亚提供相当大的刺激,但这种刺激最终是不可持续的。

【正确答案】

The strong/robust global economic expansion of recent years has been accompanied by extreme international trade imbalances that have worsened/aggravated/deteriorated/exacerbated fluctuations in the US dollar. Too rapid a drop in the currency would be destabilizing. But a gradual dollar fall would help cure imbalances, though only as part of a fuller treatment/solution.
The past week has seen volatile dollar movements/fluctuations. Against the euro, it has fallen by 3 percent, hitting a 20-month low.
The long-term health of the global economy needs a weaker dollar. Put simply, the imbalances are related to excessive reliance across the globe on the rapid growth of demand in the US. The latter has proved to be the only large economy in which demand has consistently grown faster than output. This has provided a sizeable but ultimately unsustainable stimulus to the rest of the world, notably East Asia.

【答案解析】