单选题
Many people who have not visited Britain call all the inhabitants English, for they are used to thinking of the British Isles as England. (71) , the British Isles contain a variety of peoples, and only the people of England call themselves English. The others (72) to themselves as Welsh, Scottish, or Irish, (73) the case may be; they are often slightly annoyed (74) being classified as "English". Even in England there are many (75) in regional character and speech. The chief (76) is between southern England and northern England. South of a (77) going from Bristol to London, people speak the type of English usually learnt by international students, (78) there are local variations. Further north, regional speech is usually " (79) " than that of southern Britain. Northerners are (80) to claim that they work harder than Southerners, and are more (81) . They are openhearted and hospitable; visitors often find that they make friends with them (82) . Northerners generally have hearty (83) : the visitor to Lancashire or Yorkshire, for instance, may look forward to receiving generous (84) at meal times. In accent and character the people of the Midlands (85) a gradual change from the southern to the northern type of Englishman. In Scotland the sound (86) by the letter "R" is generally a strong sound, and "R" is often pronounced in words in which it would be (87) in southern English. The Scots are said to be a serious, cautious, thrifty people, (88) inventive and somewhat mystical. All the Celtic peoples of Britain (the Welsh, the Irish, the Scots) are frequently (89) as being more "fiery" than the English. They are (90) a race that is quite distinct from the English.
【正确答案】
D
【答案解析】语篇连接题。选项A In consequence意为“因此”,表因果关系;选项B In brief表示“总而言之”,用于总结上文;选项C In general“一般说来”,用于概括叙述;选项D In fact表示“实际上”,常用于语气的转折。文章首句说:很多没有到过大不列颠的外国人把那里所有的居民统称为English,即英国人,因为他们习惯把大不列颠群岛称为英格兰。下文强调:大不列颠群岛住着各种民族,而只有居住在英格兰的人们才把自己称为English,因此两句之间是转折关系。D是正确答案。
【正确答案】
C
【答案解析】语意搭配题。选项C refer:refer to...as...意为“把…称为…”,例如:California is referred to as the "Golden State".(加利福尼亚被称为“黄金之州”。)选项A confine:confine... to...意为“把…局限于”,例如:Could you confine your discussion to the matter in question?你能把发言限定在正在讨论的问题上吗?选项 B attach:attach...to...意为“系上,贴上,依恋”,例如:I attached a photo to my application form.我在申请表上贴了一张照片。选项D add:add to意为“增加”,相当于increase,例如:The news added to his anxiety.这条消息增加了他的焦虑。句意:其他居民把自己称为“威尔士人”、“苏格兰人”或“爱尔兰人”。
【正确答案】
A
【答案解析】此题属于语法题。根据语法,本题应填入引导非限定性定语从句的关系代词,故在选项A as与选项B which之间选择。两者均可引导非限定性定语从句,指代整个主句的意思,但as引导的定语从句对主句起相辅作用,意为“正如”等意义,位置灵活,可置于句首、句中或句末。例如:As you may know, water consists of oxygen and hydrogen.正如你所知道的,水是由氧和氢组成。所以A as是正确答案。选项C for用于并列句中,表示“因为”,例如:I caught a cold, for I had been walking around in the rain.选项D so也用于并列句中,表示“所以”。
【正确答案】
C
【答案解析】词语搭配题。动词annoy的习惯用法是:1) be annoyed at sth、对(某事)感到生气,例如:I was annoyed at his impoliteness.我对他的无礼感到生气。2) be annoyed with sb.,对(某人)感到生气,例如:She was annoyed with him for his being late.她对他的迟到感到生气。其余选项:A with、B by和C for都不合题意,故选C。句意:他们(指威尔士人、苏格兰人和爱尔兰人)对被一概归并为“英国人”常感到有些不快。
【答案解析】语意搭配题。前一句中的differences暗示此句应选D division(区分,不一致)。选项A factor(因素),例如:His friendly manner was an important factor in his success.选项B virtue(美德),例如:The virtue of honesty is priceless.选项C privilege(特权,特别的优惠),例如:Education is a privilege in many countries.句意:主要的区别在于英格兰南北部之间。
【正确答案】
A
【答案解析】语意搭配题。选项A line(线,线条),例如:draw a line;又如:a fishing line;选项B row(行,排),例如:a row of houses;选项C border(边界,边沿),例如:a border of flowers asound the lawn(草坪四周边缘的花坛);选项D scale(尺度,规模),例如:business on a large scale(大规模的生意)。句意:在英格兰划一条从布里斯托到伦敦的线用以区别南部和北部,故选项A是正确答案。
【答案解析】此题属于词语搭配题。选项B apt:be apt to do sth.表示倾向于,习惯于,例如:A careless person is apt to make mistakes.一个粗心人往往犯错误。因此B符合题意和语法。选项A used:be used to sth./doing sth.表示习惯于,例如:He bas been used to the weather here。选项C possible的用法是It is possible that...或It is possible for sb.to do sth.,例如:It is possible that I shall go there tomorrow.选项D probable用法为:Something.is probable或It is probable that...,例如:It is probable that it will rain。这三项都与原句不符,故选B。
【正确答案】
D
【答案解析】语意搭配题。选项D thorough表示彻底的,完全的,纯正的,可与more构成比较级,因此是正确答案。选项A perfect表示完美的,没有比较级和最高级形式;选项B notorious表示臭名昭著的,例如:a notorious thief(声名狼藉的窃贼),此选项与上下文内容相悖;选项C superior表示比…好,优越,已含有比较级含义,但不能与more连用,通常用法是A is superior to B,例如:This TV set is superior to that one in quality.这台电视机比那台的质量要好。句意:北部人往往声称他们比南部人更勤奋,因而是更纯粹的英国人。
【正确答案】
D
【答案解析】近义词辨析题。四个词都表示立刻地,但着重点不同。选项D quickly意为after only a very short time,例如:I realized fairly quickly that I was wrong.文中句子着重“交朋友”,那应是短时间之后的事,故选D。选项A swiftly强调行为发生的敏捷性,例如:They swiftly denied the accusation.(他们很快否认那桩起诉)。选项B promptly和选项C immediately都含有without delay的意义,例如:I'll deliver your purchases.我会立刻送你买的货。句意:北方人一般很亲切、好客,外国人经常发现自己能很快和他们交上朋友。
【正确答案】
A
【答案解析】语意搭配题。hearty appetites表示“心宽体胖胃口好”,选项B tastes意为“滋味,鉴赏力”,例如:a sweet taste(甜味);又如:a taste for music(音乐鉴赏力)。选项C interests意为“兴趣”,例如:an interest in music(对音乐的爱好)。选项D senses意为“感觉,见识”,例如:a sense of fear(恐惧感);又如:common sense(常识)。这三个选项都不符合题意。
【答案解析】语意搭配题。选项A represent意为“表示,代表”,例姐:For the boy,his father represents power.选项B designate意为“标明,指明”,例如:designate the city on the map;选项C demonstrate意为“证明,演示”,例如:demonstrate how to operate the machine;选项D reckon意为“认为”,例如:We reckon him(to be) diligent.原句中提到了Midland(中部地区)与南北部之间的关系,可推断其意为:从中部地区就可看出南北英国人之间的差异,故选A。句意:在口音和特征方面米德兰地区(英格兰中部)的人代表了从南部型英格兰人到北部型英格兰人的逐渐变化。
【正确答案】
B
【答案解析】形近词辨析题。选项B denoted意为“表示,意味着”,例如:A smile often denotes pleasure.(微笑常意味着愉快)。原句讲字母R的发音,应选B。选项A delivered意为“交付,投递”,表达,例如:deliver letters,又如:deliver o speech;选项C depicted意为“描绘”,例如:This painting depicts a story.(这幅画描述了一个故事)。选项D defined意为“给…下定义”,例如:Some words are hard to define.
【答案解析】语意搭配题,考查副词含义的区别。选项A rather意为“有点,相当”,如:a rather cold day。下文中的 somewhat揭示我们应选一个与其意义相近的词,故A是正确答案。选项B still(仍然);选项C somehow (用某种方式,总算),如:Somehow or other I was able to work it out,选项D even(甚至),如:It is even colder today.句意:苏格兰人被认为是严肃、谨慎、俭朴的,富有创意又有点儿神秘。
【正确答案】
D
【答案解析】语搭配题。选项D described:describe...as意为“把…描述为…”,如:He described him as an artist.D是正确答案。选项A rendered:render+名词+形容词,意为“使…成为(某种状态)”,如:The sight rendered her shocked.选项B thought:think of sth./sb.as意为“把…认为是…”,如:We thought of him as our best friend.选项C impressed:impress sb.意为“给…留下印象”,如:The museum impressed me deeply.句意:英伦三岛的所有凯尔特人种(威尔士人、爱尔兰人、苏格兰人)常被描绘成比英格兰人“脾气更加粗暴”。
【正确答案】
B
【答案解析】语法题,需填入一个能表示有…特征的介词,介词of有这种用法,例如:a woman of ability。因此选B of。其余选项都没有这种用法。句意:他们具有与英国人完全不同的血统。