单选题 The first aid (急救) you learn from a course is not quite like reality. Most of us feel afraid when dealing with "the real thing". By overcoming these feelings, we are better able to use the first aid to cope with the unexpected.
Doing your part
First aid is not an exact science, and is thus open to human error. No matter how hard you try, the casualty (伤者) may not respond as hoped. Some conditions might lead to death, even with the best medical care.
Giving care with confidence
The casualty needs to feel protected and in safe hands. You can create an air of confidence and safety by:
● being in control, both of yourself and the problem;
● acting calmly and reasonably;
● being gentle, but firm, with your hands, and speaking to the casualty kindly, but hopefully.
Building up trust
Talk to the casualty throughout your examination and treatment (治疗).
● Explain what you are going to do.
● Try to answer questions honestly to reduce fears as best as you can. If you do not know the answer, say so.
单选题 When we deal with the real cases of first aid, we often feel ______.
【正确答案】 B
【答案解析】[解析] 事实细节题。本题询问我们处理真实急救情况的感觉。定位到第一段第二句,我们中的大多数人在实际处理急救时会感到害怕,可知B项为正确答案。A项(安全)和C项(兴奋)、D项、(自信)没有包括在原文中。
单选题 "First aid is...open to human error" in the second paragraph means ______.
【正确答案】 C
【答案解析】[解析] 理解判断题。本题考查第二段第一句的意思。定位到这句话,提到急救不是严密的科学,之后又叙述急救中可能出现导致死亡的突发状况,可知急救中也许会出现错误。故C项(人们可能在急救中犯错)为正确答案。A项(急救从不出差错)过于绝对;B项(急救中的医疗护理是必要的)与D项(急救广泛运用于事故处理)在文中都没有提及。
单选题 An air of confidence and safety is important in giving first aid because the casualty needs to feel to be ______.
【正确答案】 C
【答案解析】[解析] 事实细节题。本题询问伤者在急救时的感觉。定位到第三段,提到“有必要妥善照顾伤者,让他们有种被保护的感觉”,故正确答案为C项(妥善照料)。A项(控制)、B项(舒适)在文中没有提及;D项(轻柔有力)是施救者的行为要求。
单选题 Which of the following can be a way to build up the casualty"s trust?
【正确答案】 A
【答案解析】[解析] 事实细节题。本题询问建立起伤者信任的方式。定位到最后一段,提到诚实回答各种问题可以减轻伤者的恐惧感,赢得他们的信任,故正确答案为A项(诚实回答问题)。B项(尽可能多地使用药物)、D项(提供最佳的治疗)全文没有提到;C项(避免否定回答伤者提出的问题)与“诚实”原则相违背。
单选题 The best title for the passage could be ______.
【正确答案】 B
【答案解析】[解析] 主旨大意题。本题询问这篇文章的标题。回顾全文,文章首先指出处理急救应克服惧怕心理,而后从三个方面介绍了处理急救时的要领。B项(如何开展急救的建议)为正确答案。A项(开展急救的重要性)不是本文的主题内容;C项(急救的未来前景)、D项(急救的种类)与原文不相干。