单选题 To understand how Americans think about things, it is necessary to understand "the point". Americans mention it often. "Let's get right to the point," "My point is ..." "What's the point of all this?"
The "point" is the idea or piece of information that Americans suppose should be at the center of people's thinking, writings, and spoken comments. Speakers and writers are supposed to "make their points clear", meaning that they are supposed to say or write clearly the idea they wish to express.
People from many other cultures have different ideas about the point. Africans traditionally tell stories that express the thoughts they have in mind, rather than stating "the point" clearly. Japanese traditionally speak indirectly, leaving the listener to figure out what the point is. Thus, while an American might say to a friend, "I don't think that coat goes very well with the rest of your outfit," a Japanese might say, "Maybe this other coat would look even better than the one you have on." Americans value a person who "gets right to the point". Japanese are likely to consider such a person insensitive if not rude.
The Chinese and Japanese languages are characterized by vagueness (模糊) and ambiguity. The precision and directness Americans associate with "the point" cannot be achieved in Chinese and Japanese. Speakers of those languages thus have to learn a new way of reasoning if they are going to communicate satisfactorily with Americans.

单选题 According to the passage, Americans expect speakers and writers to ______.
【正确答案】 A
【答案解析】主旨题。A项在第一、二段中已明确提到,为正确选项。文章提到美国人希望在交流时要点清楚、明确,不希望拐弯抹角,其他三项与此不符。
单选题 In the sentence "I don't think that coat goes very well with the rest of your outfit" (Para. 3), the word "outfit" most probably means ______.
【正确答案】 D
【答案解析】词汇题。本句有两处可提供暗示:一是coat,另一个是短语go with“与……相配”,因此判断D项符合句意,其余三项均不符。
单选题 According to the passage, Japanese may consider it unacceptable to be ______.
【正确答案】 B
【答案解析】推断题。第三段中的例子说明:日本人说话委婉,太直截了当的人会被认为是不礼貌、不体谅人的,因此B项正确。straightforward“直接的,坦率的”;indirect“不直接的”;poorly-dressed“衣着寒酸的”;curious“好奇的”。
单选题 In order to communicate with Americans satisfactorily, speakers of Chinese need to ______.
【正确答案】 B
【答案解析】细节题。最后一段提到:Speakers of those languages (Chinese and Japanese) have to learn a new way of reasoning if they…with Americans. B项与此句相符,其他三项均不符。
单选题 What can we conclude from the passage?
【正确答案】 C
【答案解析】结论题。文章举了大量例子说明来自不同文化的人有不同的思维、交际模式,因此C项正确,其他三项均与文中叙述的事实不符。