单选题
阅读下面的短文，文中有15处空白，每处空白给出了4个选项，请根据短文的内容从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案。

{{B}} A Most Important Period in Greek{{/B}}
One of the most important periods in Greek history was the Hellenistic Age which began after the death of Alexander the Great in 323 B. C., and lasted almost 200 years. It was during this time in history that Greek ideas and Greek culture spread into Egypt and throughout the Near East. A Greek state even existed{{U}} (51) {{/U}}India. During the Hellenistic Age, there were great advances{{U}} (52) {{/U}}in Greek scholarship in such areas as philosophy, science, religion, art and social justice. Important discoveries were made in the{{U}} (53) {{/U}}. Eratosthenes, for instance, made an accurate calculation{{U}} (54) {{/U}}the diameter of the earth, while Aristarchus declared that the earth{{U}} (55) {{/U}}round. Social reformers attempted to{{U}} (56) {{/U}}debt and{{U}} (57) {{/U}}a program of land redistribution among the poor hut met with little success. Women achieved a better social{{U}} (58) {{/U}}and among the middle class education became widespread.
Peace of mind was the great concern of the philosophers of the Hellenistic Age. The Stoics insisted that happiness could be achieved when{{U}} (59) {{/U}}learned to accept the events which were{{U}} (60) {{/U}}his control and, at the same time, did his duty. The Epicureans{{U}} (61) {{/U}}the idea that moderation in pleasure and the avoidance of pain produced the desired result. The Cynics turned away from all desires and pleasures, and{{U}} (62) {{/U}}pursuit of virtue. In religion, many Greeks{{U}} (63) {{/U}}the worship of such Egyptian gods as Serapis and Isis.
During the Hellenistic Age, the area of Greek influence included such political powers as the Ptolemies of Egypt, the Seleucids of Syria, the Antigonids of Macedon and the Attalids of Pergamum, and it was their fighting against each other and{{U}} (64) {{/U}}themselves that{{U}} (65) {{/U}}the way for the aggressive Romans to conquer Greece and most of the Hellenistic world in the 100's B.C. The Romans brought the Hellenistic Age to a close when they conquered the last major power, Egypt, in 30 B. C.

【正确答案】 D

【答案解析】此题属于形近词与近义词辨析题。选项D abolish意为“废除，废止(法律、制度或习俗等)”，例如：abolish slavery(废除奴隶制)。原句中的宾语debt(债务)属于制度或习俗类，故应选D。选项A extradite意为“引渡”；选项B extinguish意为“熄灭”，例如：extinguish a cigarette/the hope(熄灭香烟/希望消失)；选项C eradicate意为“根绝，彻底消灭(犯罪，疾病等)”。

【正确答案】 C

【答案解析】此题属于词语搭配题，考查动词与名词的搭配。选项A equip意为“配备，装备”，例如：Your education will equip you for a job．(你所受的教育将使你具备就业的能力。)选项B install意为“安装(设备等)”，例如：We are installing a new heating system．(我们正在安装新的取暖设备。)这两个选项均不能与下文program(计划)构成动宾关系。选项C institute意为“设立(会所等)，制定(法律等)”，例如：institute an association/a law；选项D launch意为“发射，发起”，例如：launch a campaign(发起一项运动)。常识告诉我们program of land redistribution(土地重新分配计划)应属于法令之列，故选C。

【正确答案】 A

【答案解析】此题属于语义搭配题。选项A espoused意为“拥护，支持，信奉(主义，学说等)”，例如：He espoused the cause of equal rights for women．(他支持妇女地位平等的思想。)选项B postulated意为“假定，以……为前提”，例如：He postulates that the news is true．(他认定这个消息是真的。)选项C deemed意为“认为”，相当于consider，例如：Do you deem this plan(to be)sensible?选项D speculated意为“深思”，例如： We can only speculate about the future．(我们只能推测将来)；也可译为“投机，做投机买卖”的意思，但往往在后面加上介词in，例如：speculate in gold mines(做金矿的投机生意)。此处提到的是哲学的不同学派、不同主义，故选A。

【正确答案】 A

【答案解析】此题属于形近词辨析题。选项A advocated意为“提倡，主张”，例如：They advocate an immediate reduction in costs．原句是指又一个哲学学派的主张，应选A。选项B advertised意为“做广告，宣传”，例如：I advertised my house in the local newspaper．选项C accelerated意为“加速”，例如：accelerate the speed of innovation(加快革新的速度)。选项D announced意为“宣布”。

【正确答案】 C

【答案解析】此题属于语法题。选项B within意为“(程度、范围、场所等)之内”，例如：keep within the law(在法律的范围内)；选项C among意为“(多数)之中，之间”，例如：I was among the crowd(我处身在人群中)。与上文fighting against each other(彼此之间斗争)相对应的应该是among themselves(内部斗争)，所以C是正确答案。选项A beyond意为“超越”；选项D against意为“反对”；这两项都不符合题意。