单选题 The primary purpose of the second paragraph is which of the following?

A、 To show that Augustan Rome and fifth-century Athens are examples of cultural, economic, and military expansion against which all subsequent cases must be measured.
B、 To suggest that cultural, economic and military advances have tended to be closely interrelated in different societies.
C、 To argue that, while the revivals of Augustan Rome and fifth-century Athens were similar, they are unrelated to other historical examples.
D、 To indicate that, wherever possible, historians should seek to make comparisons with the earliest chronological examples of revival.

【正确答案】 B

【答案解析】[精解] 本题是一个推断题。考察考生对文章段落的结构和目的进行分析。
A．证明奥古斯都统治下的罗马和公元前五世纪的雅典就是文化、经济、军事膨胀的例子，所有后来的例子必需以她为参照。错误，该选项过于绝对，文章里面没有提到。
B．暗示在不同的社会中社会、经济、军事的发展都是紧密联系在一起的。正确，注意本段的最后一句：“Moreover，an examination of the apparent sequential connections among military，economic，and cultural forms of progress might help explain the dynamics of historical change”，提到文章了“the apparent sequential connections among military，economic，and cultural forms of progress”，提到了关键词。
C．争论说，虽然奥古斯都统治下的罗马和公元前五世纪的雅典具有相似之处，单是和历史砂锅内的例子无关。错误，和文章主题正好相反。
D．说明只要有可能，历史学家就要试图寻找早期复兴的例子作比较。错误，和文章的主题无关。