单选题
Research on animal intelligence always makes us wonder just how smart humans are. Consider the fruit-fly experiments described by Carl Zimmer in the Science Times. Fruit flies who were taught to be smarter than the average fruit fly 26 to live shorter lives. This suggests that dimmer bulbs burn longer, that there is a(n) 27 in not being too bright. Intelligence, it turns out, is a high-priced 28 . It takes more upkeep, burns more fuel and is slow off the starting line because it depends on learning—a(n) 29 process—instead of instinct. Plenty of other species are able to learn, and one of the things they've apparently learned is when to stop. Is there an adaptive value to limited intelligence? That's the question behind this new research. Instead of casting a wistful glance 30 at all the species we've left in the dust I.Q.-wise, it implicitly asks what the real costs of our own intelligence might be. This is on the 31 of every animal we've ever met. Research on animal intelligence also makes us wonder what experiments animals would 32 on humans if they had the chance. Every cat with an owner, for instance, is running a small-scale study in operant conditioning. We believe that if animals ran the labs, they would test us to 33 the limits of our patience, our faithfulness, our memory for locations. They would try to decide what intelligence in humans is really for, not 34 how much of it there is. Above all, they would hope to study a 35 question: Are humans actually aware of the world they live in? So far the results are inconclusive. A. mind E. advantage I. aptly M. tended B. fundamental F. happened J. overcome N. inclination C. gradual G. spontaneous K. option O. perform D. determine H. backward L. merely
【答案解析】空格处应填入可数名词,来概括其后的not being too bright,具有的特性。注意此处的bright一语双关,即可指灯泡不“明亮”,也可指人不那么“聪明”。由果绳实验可知,暗的灯泡更耐用,不聪明的人更长寿,这可以看作是一种“优势”,have an advantage in意为“在某方面具有优势”,故用advantage。
【答案解析】空格处为插入语,填入形容词来说明learning是一个怎样的过程。由下文的instead of instinct可知,此处将学习过程与本能作对比:和“与生俱来”的本能不同,学习是后天的。gradual“逐渐的”符合学习过程循序渐进,的特点。
问答题
【正确答案】H
【答案解析】首先要理解空格所在句的意思。后缀-wise表示“在……方面”,I. Q. -wise是个生造词,意为“在智力方面”。leave...in the dust指“远远超过”,we've left表明人类智商已经超越了那些物种,因此我们看它们的时候,就是“往回”看了,故用backward。
问答题
【正确答案】A
【答案解析】这里缺少名词,从结构来看该名词应与on the一起构成固定搭配。on the mind的意思是“担心,总是想着”,这句话表达的是“这是每一个我们所遇到的动物都在思索的问题”。
问答题
【正确答案】O
【答案解析】空格处应填入动词,作wonder后面的宾语从句中的谓语。从句子结构来看,what experiments其实是从句的宾语,还原语序之后为animals would ______ what experiments on humans。词库中只有perform可以与experiments搭配,意为“做实验”。
问答题
【正确答案】D
【答案解析】根据空格前的to和其后的宾语the limits得知这里填入动词,表目的。再根据下句出现的They would try to decide,推测填入的动词应与decide意思相近。determine“测定”符合句意。