It is often observed that the aged
spend much time thinking and talking about their past lives,{{U}} (1)
{{/U}}about the future. These reminiscences are not simply random or trivial
memories,{{U}} (2) {{/U}}is their purpose merely to make conversation.
The old person’s recollections of the past help to{{U}} (3) {{/U}}an
identity that is becoming increasingly fragile:{{U}} (4) {{/U}}any role
that brings respect or any goal that might provide{{U}} (5) {{/U}}to the
future, the individual mentions his past as a reminder to listeners, that here
was a life{{U}} (6) {{/U}}living.{{U}} (7) {{/U}}, the memories
form part of a continuing life{{U}} (8) {{/U}}, in which the person{{U}}
(9) {{/U}}the events and experiences of the-years gone by and{{U}}
(10) {{/U}}on the overall meaning of his or her own almost completed
life. As the life cycle{{U}} (11) {{/U}}to its close,
the aged must also learn to accept the reality of their own impending death.{{U}}
(12) {{/U}}this task is made difficult by the fact that death is
almost a{{U}} (13) {{/U}}subject in the United States. The mere
discussion of death is often regarded as{{U}} (14) {{/U}}.As adults many
of us find the topic frightening and are{{U}} (15) {{/U}}to think about
it — and certainly not to talk about it{{U}} (16) {{/U}}the presence of
someone who is dying. Death has achieved this taboo{{U}} (17) {{/U}}only
in the modern industrial societies. There seems to bean important reason for our
reluctance to{{U}} (18) {{/U}}the idea of death. It is the very fact
that death remains{{U}} (19) {{/U}}our control; it is almost the only
one of the natural processes{{U}} (20) {{/U}}is
so.
【正确答案】
B
【答案解析】[解析] 语义衔接题。从上下文文意可知,文章是在谈论老年人喜欢回忆过去,而不是讨论未来,故[B] rather than正确。rather than为并列连词,可以连接形容词、动词、名词、副词、不定式等,其意为“而不是”。[A] better than“比…好”;[C] less than“比…少”;[D]other than意为“不同于…,除了…”;这三项均与上下文在语义上构不成衔接。
【正确答案】
C
【答案解析】[解析] 结构衔接题。首先根据本句中前半部分为否定句可以判断,选项也应表达否定意义,与前面的 not结构照应,所以答案应选[C]。nor引导否定句,与not构成not...nor...句型,意为“既不…也不…”,且句子倒装。[A]so引导肯定句,例如:I’ve got an enormous amount of work to do. — So have I.;[B]even是副词,意为“即使,甚至”;[D]hardly意为“几乎不”,虽然也表示否定,但与not形不成结构照应。
[点拨] 平时学习中注意掌握一固定句型,如not/neither...nor, no sooner...than, hardly...when, either...or等。
【答案解析】[解析] 语义衔接题。从上下文语义分析,identity...fragile,既然身份已经岌岌可危,那么他们自然是不再受人尊敬,所以应选lacking与role搭配,意为“不再扮演这种角色”。[A]Perform a role和[B] play...role意为“起作用,承担角色”,与上下文语义不符;[C] undertake意为“承担,担任”,常见的搭配词为undertake responsibility/a task,不与role搭配。
【正确答案】
A
【答案解析】[解析] 语义衔接题。此处需一个名词与 to the future搭配,故选项[A]orientation 正确。orientation意为“方向”,常与介词to/towards搭配,在此表示未来的方向。[B]implication“含意,暗示”、[C]succession“连续,接替”、[D]presentation“赠送,递交,提出”均不能与 the future构成语义上的衔接。
[点拨] succession意为“连续;一连串,一系列”,通常以短语a succession of “一连串的,一系列的”以及in succession“连续”形式出现。其中in succession 常用在句尾。
【正确答案】
B
【答案解析】[解析] 惯用衔接题。常用固定结构he worth+名词/doing意为“值得”,此处的名词往往是钱数或相当于代价的比喻性名词,例如:It’s worth the time and effort we devoted to it。另外,worth后面的动名词总是用主动形式表达被动意义,例如:It is worth considering.,因此选项[B]符合题意。[A]worthy意为“值得”,be worthy of+名词/to do,例如:It is worthy of the name。[C]worthless意为“无价值的”,与句意不符;[D]worthwhile意为“值得的”,作表语或定语,例如:It was a worthwhile attempt even though it failed to achieve its aim.
[点拨] 以worth为词根的几个词容易造成混淆。应记住以下几个常用形式:be worth doing; be worthy of.
【正确答案】
C
【答案解析】[解析] 逻辑衔接题。文章前一句说回忆有助于老年人保留住他们的身份,后一句说回忆成为了老年人不断回顾的生活的一部分,根据上下逻辑关系推断此处需填表示递进的短语 In addition“另外”,故答案为[C]。 [A]In a word意为“总而言之,一句话”、[B] In brief意为“简言之”,均属于总结陈词;[D]In particular意为“特别地”,无法在文意上对文章起衔接作用。
[点拨] in addition 相当于besides,意为“除…之外还有”。以 in 开头的短语有很多,平时应加记忆。
【答案解析】[解析] 语义衔接题。根据原文,老年人的生活回顾是指把过去发生的事件和他们的经历综合起来,故选项[A]integrates正确。integrate意为“把…集成,使…完整;综合”,常与介词with,into连用。如:to integrate theory with practice“理论与实践相结合”。[B]incorporates意为“合并,结合(成一体)”;[C]includes意为“包含 (作为其中的一部分)”;[D]interacts意为“与…交往/沟通”。
【正确答案】
C
【答案解析】[解析] 语义衔接题。所选词要与on搭配,故首先排除[D]conceive“构想出”,相当于imagine或invent, conceive与of搭配,不与on搭配。其他三项与on搭配,意思分别为[A] reckons(on)意为“指望,盼望”、[B] counts(on)意为“指望”、[C].reflects(on/upon)意为“回想,反思”。此处需一个动词与下文的the overall meaning of...life搭配,因此只有“思考生命的意义”才能使上下文意思通顺,故选[C]。
[点拨] 关于reckon 的短语还有:reckon in “把…计算在内”;reckon up“结算,估计”;reckon with“处理,考虑到”。
【正确答案】
B
【答案解析】[解析] 惯用衔接题。文章要表达的是“生命即将结束”的意思,draw to a close意为“接近结束”,因此[B]符合语义。其他选项虽均可搭配to,但语义上构不成衔接关系。keep(to)意为“遵守诺言,坚持”;incline (to sth./to do)意为“倾向于”;tend(to sth./to do)意为“照料,倾向于”。
【答案解析】[解析] 语义衔接题。本题要选择一个合适的形容词作表语,来描述人们对谈论死亡的态度。在本空前面,文章提到,find the topic frightening,既然是令人恐惧的,人们自然不情愿去想它。[D]reluctant意为“勉强的,不情愿的”,符合文意。其他三选项虽然都可与to连用,但不符合句意:[A]ready“乐意的”;[B]willing“愿意的”;[C]liable“有…倾向的”。
【正确答案】
D
【答案解析】[解析] 惯用衔接题。本句要表达的意思是:当然更不会在垂死的人面前谈论它。in the presence of意为“当着…的面,在…在场的情况下”,为固定搭配,所以选[D]。
【正确答案】
A
【答案解析】[解析] 语义衔接题。所填词作achieve的宾语,符合这一搭配的选项只有[A]status“地位”,说明在现代工业社会里死亡才取得了这一地位。[B]circumstance指“某事件或动作发生时的情况”,一般用复数,常以以下短语形式出现:under/in such circumstances“在这种情况下”;[C]environment意为“环境(总称)”,强调环绕着某一特定的人或物,同时往往着重对该人/物的影响,例如:He grew up in an environment of poverty;[D]priority意为“优先权”,可搭配的动词为take, get。