填空题Directions:Reading the following text and answer questions
by finding a subtitle for each of the marked parts or paragraphs. There are two
extra items in the subtitle. A. Although no such evidence
was presented, the casino's marketing department continued to pepper him with
mailings. And he entered the casino and used his Fun Card without being
detected. B. It is unclear what luring was required, given his
compulsive behavior. And in what sense was his will operative?
C. By the time he had lost $5,000 he said to himself that if he could get back
to even, he would quit. One night he won $5,500, but he did not quit.
D. Gambling has been a common feature of American life forever, but for a
long time it was broadly considered a sin, or a social disease. Now it is a
social poliey: the most important and aggressive promoter of gambling in America
is the government. E. David Williams's suit should trouble this
gambling nation. But don't bet on it. F. It is worrisome that
society is medicalizing more and more behavioral problems, often defining as
addietions what earlier, sterner generations explained as weakness of
will. G. The anonymous, lonely, undistracted nature of online
gambling is especially conduetive to compulsive behavior. But even if the
government knew how to move against Internet gambling, what would be its grounds
for doing so? On the north bank of the Ohio river sits
Evansville, Ind. , home of David Williams, 52, and of a riverboat casino (a
place where gambling games are played). During several years of gambling in that
casino, Williams, a state auditor earning $35,000 a year, lost approximately
$175,000. He had never gambled before the casino sent him a coupon for $20 worth
of gambling. He visited the casino, lost the $20 and left. On
his second visit he lost $800. The casino issued to him, as a good customer, a
"Fun Card", which when used in the casino earns points for meals and drinks, and
enables the casino to track the user's gambling activities. For Williams, those
activities became what he calls "electronic heroin" . {{U}}
{{U}} 1 {{/U}} {{/U}} In 1997 he lost $21,000 to
one slot machine in two days. In March 1997 he lost $72, 186. He sometimes
played two slot machines at a time, all night, until the boat doeked at 5 a. m.,
then went back aboard when the casino opened at 9 a. m. Now he is suing the
casino, charging that it should have refused his patronage because it knew he
was addicted. It did know he had a problem. In March 1998, a
friend of Williams's got him involuntarily confined to a treatment center for
addictions, and wrote to inform the casino of Williams's gambling problem. The
casino included a photo of Williams among those of banned gamblers, and wrote to
him a "cease admissions" letter. Noting the "medical/psychological" nature of
problem gambling behavior, the letter said that before being readmitted to the
casino he would have to present medical/psychological information demonstrating
that patronizing the casino would pose no threat to his safety or
well-being. {{U}} {{U}} 2 {{/U}}
{{/U}} The Wall Street Journal reports that the casino has 24
signs warning: "Enjoy the fun.., and always bet with your head, not over it. "
Every entrance ticket lists a toll-free number for counseling from the Indiana
Department of Mental Health. Nevertheless Williams's suit charges that the
casino, knowing he was "helplessly addicted to gambling", intentionally worked
to "lure" him to "engage in conduct against his will". Well.
{{U}} {{U}} 3 {{/U}} {{/U}} The fourth edition
of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders says "pathological
gambling" involves persistent, recurring and uncontrollable pursuit less of
money than of the thrill of taking risks in quest of a windfall.
{{U}} {{U}} 4 {{/U}} {{/U}} Pushed by
science, or what claims to be science, society is reclassifying what once were
considered character flaws or moral failings as personality disorders akin to
physical disabilities. {{U}} {{U}} 5 {{/U}}
{{/U}} Forty-four states have lotteries, 29 have casinos, and
most of these states are to varying degrees dependent on—you might say addicted
to—revenues from wagering. And since the first Internet gambling site was
created in 1995, competition for gambler's dollars has become intense. The Oct.
28 issue of Newsweek reported that 2 million gamblers patronize 1,800 virtual
casinos every week. With $3.5 billion being lost on Internet wagers this year,
gambling has passed pornography as the web's webs most profitable
business.