单选题

Text 2

There are two types of people in the world. Although they have equal degrees of health and wealth and other comforts of life, one becomes happy, the other becomes miserable. This arises from different ways in which they consider things, persons, and events, and the resulting effects upon their minds.
The people who are to be happy fix their attention on the conveniences of things, the pleasant parts of conversation, the well-prepared dishes, the goodness of the wines, and fine weather. They enjoy all the cheerful things. Those who are to be unhappy think and speak only of the contrary things. Therefore, they are continually discontented. By their remarks, they sour the pleasures of society, offend many people, and make themselves disagreeable everywhere. If this turn of mind was founded in nature, such unhappy persons would be the more to be critical. The tendency to criticize and be disgusted is perhaps taken up originally by imitation. It grows into a habit, unknown to its possessors. The habit may be strong, but it may be cured when those who have it are convinced of its bad effects on their interests and tastes. I hope this little warning may be of service to them, and help change this habit.
Although in fact it is chiefly an act of the imagination, it has serious consequences in life, since it brings on deep sorrow and bad luck. Those people offend many others, nobody loves them, and no one treats them with more than the most common politeness and respect, and scarcely that. This frequently puts them in bad temper and draws them into arguments. If they aim at obtaining some advantage in rank or fortune, nobody wishes them success. Nor will anyone stir a step or speak a word to favor their hopes. If they bring on themselves public disapproval, no one will defend or excuse them, and many will join to criticize their misconduct. These people should change their bad behavior and condescend to be pleased with what is pleasing, without worrying needlessly about themselves and others. If they do not, it will be good for others to avoid any contact with them. Otherwise, it can be disagreeable and sometimes very inconvenient, especially when one becomes mixed up in their quarrels.

单选题 People who are to be unhappy______.

【正确答案】 D

【答案解析】事实细节题。文章第二段提到unhappy persons的一些特征，说他们总是不知足(discontented)、对社会不满、冒犯了很多人，第六句提到“such unhappy persons would be the more to be critical”，其中critical指“挑剔的，批评的”，与选项[D]中的“fault—finding”同义，所以[D]是原文的同义转述。文章首段指出感到快乐的人与感到不愉快的人考虑事情、人物以及不同结果的影响的方式不同，并没有说不愉快的人总与别人(包括其他不愉快的人)考虑事情方式不同，即[A];[B]“通常会受特定事情的结果影响”，文中未提到；[C]“能发现特定事情中不愉快的部分”则更不符合他们的特征。

单选题 The phrase "sour the pleasure of society" (Para.2)most probably means______.

单选题 Which of the following statement is NOT true according to the passage?

【正确答案】 A

【答案解析】事实细节题。文章第三段提到“Those people offend many others, nobody loves them, and no one treats them with more than the most common politeness and respect and scarcely that.”这些人遭到大众的不满，没有人为他们辩护或同情他们，所以[A]项是错误的。[B]与第二段第六句所述相符；[C]是第二段第九句“but it may be cured…”表达意思相符，其中they may get rid of it是原文中it may be cured的同义转述；第二段第四句“they are continually discontented”包括了[D]所述内容。

单选题 The phrase "scarcely that" (Para.3)means______.

【正确答案】 B

【答案解析】语义理解题。注意文中and scarcely that与上一句“no one…treats them with more than the most common politeness and respect”是顺承关系，上一句表达的是否定的意思，本句同样进一步表达否定意思，所以选有否定意味的选项B，实际上“scarcely”就是“几乎不”的意思，等同于“almost not”。排除肯定选项[A]、[C]、[D]中not at all“一点也不”实际表达的是肯定的意思。