问答题

Directions: It has been said, “Not everything that is learned is contained in books.” In your opinion, which is more important: knowledge gained from experience or knowledge gained from books? Why?

Write on the Answer Sheet a composition of about 400 words. You are to write in three parts. In the first part, state specifically what your idea is. In the second part, provide one or two reasons to support your idea or describe your idea. In the last part, bring what you have written to a natural conclusion or a summary. Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriateness. Failure to follow the instructions may result in a loss of marks. Don’t forget to write a title.

【正确答案】

Knowledge Gained from Experience or Books?

There are two main channels for people to gain knowledge, namely experience and books. Generally, knowledge gained from books is theoretical, that gained from experience is practical. From my point of view, it is difficult to answer which is more important for the people who read books. They are equally important in one’s learning process.

Knowledge learned from books is instructive, opposed to knowledge we learn directly from experience. We often hear thunder and see lightning in the sky, and we can easily understand that lightning will be seen sooner than the sound can be heard. According to our experience alone, we cannot tell why this happens. But when we learn about physics in textbooks, we find that the answer is that light travels faster than sound does, therefore it takes less time for light to travel the same distance than for sound. Therefore, knowledge learned from books can inform us about some useful theories that can give us general ideas and help us understand the real phenomenon better. In turn, practical knowledge helps us to confirm theories gained from books. There is an old Chinese saying that says practice is the only criterion of inspecting the truth. So not all knowledge from books is credible, it might be even false.

In our daily life, we can gain much information from practice. To learn how to swim, it is useless to be absorbed in reading about swimming skills written in books. Only when one learns it in a swimming pool, can one make it. There are still a lot of things one must learn from one’s experience, such as driving a car, riding a bicycle, and operating a machine. And the most important is that it is often easier to gain knowledge from practice than from books. As far as the average people are concerned, it is natural to learn from experience. It is obvious that when all these things are taken in consideration, knowledge gained from practice is more close and direct than that gained by books.

Therefore, these two kinds of knowledge both have an importance. For people engaged in research, knowledge from books is more important, whereas for others, knowledge from practice is more important. As students, we must first learn knowledge from books well, and at the same time we must have the good sense to tell from what is right and what is wrong.

【答案解析】本文围绕“从经验学到的知识重要还是从书本上学到的知识重要”展开讨论,将一个选择疑问句作为题目,表达的意图很明确,即在两者之间进行比较。文章开头首先指出经验和书本都是人们获取知识的渠道,随后简单提及从这两种渠道中获取的知识的特点,并明确给出自己的观点:这两种途径同等重要。第二段和第三段分别用具体的事例来支撑这一观点,所举的都是日常生活中十分常见的例子,更加具有说服力,在分析之后进行了总结,论据结合,使说理不至于空洞。最后一段再次强调两者同等重要,对题目中的问句做出了明确回答,并照应了第一段提出的观点,最后分析了学生对于这两者应采取的正确态度。整篇文章布局合理,结构紧凑,观点鲜明,说理性强,将所有的要点均囊括在内。同时给人以启示作用,让人明白在面对书本和经验时应持有何种态度才是正确的做法。