【正确答案】Cohort theory is a supposed doctrine dealing with the spoken word recognition postulated by Marslen-Wilson and Welsh in 1990. It is suggested that the first few phonemes of a spoken word activate a set or cohort of word candidates that are consistent with the input. These candidates compete with one another for activation. As more acoustic input is analyzed, candidates that are no longer consistent with the input drop out of the set. This process continues until only one word candidate matches the input; the best fitting word may be chosen if no single candidate is a clear winner.

【答案解析】[解析] 本题考查语言认知中的集群理论。考生也应了解交互模型、竞争模型、识解、图形一背景、射体．界标等当前认知语言学中的重要概念。