语法与词汇

Looking at superficially, people appear to function well enough in economic and social activities; yet it would be dangerous to overlook the deep-seated unhappiness behind that comforting disguise.

【正确答案】 D
【答案解析】

[译文]表面看来,人们似乎在经济社会生活中应对自如,但这只是假象;假象背后是人们的深层苦痛,忽视它会贻害无穷。
(1) 画线部分错误分析。
Looking at superficially 是分词短语,作第一个分句 people appear to function well enough in economic and social activities的状语。looking是现在分词,表示该行为与其逻辑主语 people是主动关系。根据句意,Looking at superficially应与分句主语people为被动关系, 因此应将looking改为表示被动关系的过去分词。
(2)选项辨析。
A 和 C 选项均为现在分词短语,B 选项为原形动词,不符合语法,可直接排除。只有选项D 符合要求。
[知识拓展]
(1)语法拓展:分词作状语。
① 现在分词作状语时,表示动作是句子主语的动作,它们之间的关系是主动关系。
e.g. Hearing the knock on the door, they stopped talking.
他们听到有人敲门,就不再说话了。
② 过去分词作状语时,表示动作是句子主语所承受的动作,它们之间是被动关系。
e.g. Confined to bed, she needed to be waited on in everything.
她卧病在床,不得不让人事事服侍。
(2)拓展练习:试分析以下分词与主语的关系。
e.g. He had to quit the position and went in exile, having been deprived of his power.
他被剥夺了权力之后,只好离职,流落他乡。
She studied him for the longest time, looking wryly amused.
她面带苦笑,盯着他看了很长时间。