单选题 Generations of Americans have been brought up to believe that a good breakfast is one of life's essentials. Eating breakfast at the start of the day, we have all been old, and told again, is as necessary as putting gasoline in the family car before starting a trip.
But for many people the thought o? food first thing in the morning is by no means a pleasure. So despite all the efforts, they still take no breakfast. Between 1997and 1983 ,the latest year for which figures are available, the number of people who didn't have breakfast increased by 33 percent-from 8.8 million to 11.7 million-according to the Chicago-based market Research Corporation of America.
For those who feel pain of guilt about not eating breakfast, however, there is some good news. Several studies in the last few years indicate that, for adults especially, there may be nothing wrong with omitting breakfast. Going without breakfast does not affect performance, said Arnold E. Bender, the former professor of nutrition at Queen Elizabeth College in London, nor does giving people breakfast improve performance.
Scientific evidence linking breakfast to better health or better performance is surprisingly inadequate, and most of the recent work involves children, not adults. The literature, says one researcher, Dr Emesto Pollitt at the University of Texas," is poor".

单选题 The latest year for which figures could be obtained was______.

A. the year the author wrote the article
B. 1977
C. any year between 1977 and 1983
D. 1983

【正确答案】 C

【答案解析】本题是道细节题，要求考生回答有相关数据的最近的年份。根据文章中第三段 Between 1977 and 1983，the latest year for which figures are available，……，这句话，可以知道the latest year 作 between 1977 and 1983 的同位语，因此，本题的答案是C)“1977到1983年间的任何一年”。

单选题 For those who do not take breakfast the good news is that______.

A. several studies have been done in the past few years
B. the omission of breakfast does no harm to one's health
C. adults have especially made studies in this field
D. eating little in the morning is good for health

【正确答案】 B

【答案解析】本题是细节题。要求考生回答“对于那些不吃早餐的人，好的消息是。”根据第三段，尤其是这句话“there may be nothing wrong with omitting breakfast。”可知此题答案是B)。选项A)“过去几年作过一些研究”这不是好消息的内容，而是消息的来源；C)和D)均没有在文中出现、所以都不是答案。

单选题 "...nor does giving people breakfast improve performance" means______.

A. anyone without breakfast does improve his performance
B. not giving people breakfast improves performance
C. having breakfast does not improve performance, either
D. people having breakfast do improve their performance, too

【正确答案】 C

【答案解析】本题要求考生通过上下文理解句子的含义。Nor开头的句子表示否定，否定improve 这个动作，因此这句话的含义是“吃早餐也不会改善表现”，选项当中只有C)表达了这个意思，因此正确答案是C)。

单选题 The word "literature" in the last sentence refers to______.

A. stories, poems plays, ect
B. written works on a particular subject
C. any printed material
D. the modem literature of America

【正确答案】 B

【答案解析】本题考察的是生词的词义。literature 有两个涵义，一是文学，二是指书面资料，在本文中显然不是指文学，所以我们取其第二个意思，选项目中的A)和D)表达的都是“文学”这个涵义，所以为干扰项。从上文下文来看，这里的文字资料应该指的是上文中提到的“scientific evidence”，所以应该是B)“关于某一个特定话题的文字资料”。所以正确的答案应该是B)。

单选题 What is implied but not stated by the author is that

A. breakfast does not affect performance
B. Dr. Pollitt is engaged in research work at an institution of higher learning
C. not eating breakfast might affect the health of children
D. professor Bender once taught college course in nutrition in London

【正确答案】 C

【答案解析】本题考察的是推理判断能力。要求考生作出选择哪个选项是暗示出来而不是明确表述出来的。A)“早餐不影响表现”是第三段所表述的内容；B)“下利特博士在一所高等教育机构从事研究工作”在第四段有明确表达；D)“本德教授曾在伦敦教过营养学课程”在第三段有表述，C)“不吃早餐可能会影响孩子的健康”这一表述是通过第三段中“several studies in the last few years indicate that for adults especially， there may be nothing wrong with omitting breakfast．”推测出来的，文中明确提出，不吃早餐对成年人可能没有什么影响，言外之意是对儿童可能会有影响，所以正确答案是C)。