阅读理解
Today's college students are more narcissistic(自恋的)and self-centered than their predecessors, according to a comprehensive new study by five psychologists who worry that the trend could be harmful to personal relationships and American society. "We need to stop endlessly repeating 'You're special' and having children repeat that back," said the study's lead author, Professor Jean Twenge of San Diego State University. "Kids are self-centered enough already. " "Unfortunately, narcissism can also have very negative consequences for society, including the breakdown of close relationships with others," he said. The study asserts that narcissists "are more likely to have romantic relationships that are short-lived, at risk for infidelity, lack emotional warmth, and to exhibit game-playing, dishonesty, and over-controlling and violent behaviors. " Twenge, the author of Generation Me: Why Today's Young Americans Are More Confident, Assertive , Entitled—and More Miserable Than Ever Before, said narcissists tend to lack empathy, react aggressively to criticism and favor self-promotion over helping others. Some analysts have commended today's young people for increased commitment to volunteer work. But Twenge viewed even this phenomenon skeptically, noting that many high schools require community service and many youths feel pressure to list such endeavors on college applications. Campbell said the narcissism upsurge seemed so pronounced(非常明显的)that he was unsure if there were obvious remedies. "Permissiveness seems to be a component," he said. " A potential antidote would be more authoritative parenting. Less indulgence might be called for. " Yet students, while acknowledging some legitimacy to such findings, don't necessarily accept negative generalizations about their generation. Hanady Kader, a University of Washington senior, said she worked unpaid last summer helping resettle refugees and considers many of her peers to be civic-minded. But she is dismayed(气馁,灰心)by the competitiveness of some students who seem prematurely focused on career status. "We're encouraged a lot to be individuals and go out there and do what you want, and nobody should stand in your way," Kader said. "I can see goals and ambitions getting in the way of other things like relationships. " Kari Dalane, a University of Vermont sophomore, says most of her contemporaries are politically active and not overly self-centered. "People are worried about themselves— but in the sense of where they're going to find a place in the world," she said. "People want to look their best, have a good time, but it doesn't mean they're not concerned about the rest of the world. " Besides, some of the responses on the narcissism test might not be worrisome, Dalane said. "It would be more depressing if people answered, 'No, I'm not special. '"
单选题41.According to the passage, a narcissistic person may______.
【正确答案】
D
【答案解析】题目问:根据文章所述,个自恋的人会怎样?通过阅读文章可知,自恋的人有很多消极的特征,往往缺少同情心,对别人的批评反感,愿意自我促进胜过帮助他人。…narcissists tend to lack empathy,react aggressively to criticism and favor selfpromotion over helping others.所以,应该选择D。
单选题42.The italicized word "commended"(Line 1, Para. 3)means______.
【正确答案】
A
【答案解析】题目问:commended在句中是什么意思?通过句子“Some analysts have commended today’s young people for increased commitment to volunteer work.”可知,commended是“称赞,表扬”的意思。四个选项的意思分别是:praised赞扬,歌颂;criticized批评,非议;recommended推荐,委托;disfavored不赞成,冷待。所以,应该选择A。
单选题43.Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?
【正确答案】
B
【答案解析】题目要求选择不符合文意的选项。第一段中“…the trend could be harmful to personal relationships and American society.”自恋对个人的人际关系以及美国社会有害。与A项符合。第四段中“…that he was unsure if there were obvious remedies.”有人想知道是否有控制自恋的有效方法。与C项符合。第二段中“…favor selfpromotion over helping others.”些学生更注重厚爱自己,而不是帮助他人。通过排除,得出答案是B。
单选题44.It is implied that______.
【正确答案】
C
【答案解析】题目问:文章内容暗示了什么?通过阅读文章可知,些研究人员对学生的自恋和以自我为中心的特点给予了否定的评价,而学生自己对此并不能完全认同,些学生举出了自己积极参加社会活动和没有以自我为中心的事例进行辩驳。第五段中“Yet students,while acknowledging some legitimacy to such findings,don’t necessarily accept negative generalizations about their generation.”,第七段中“…most of her contemporaries are politically active and not overly selfcentered.”,所以,应该选择C。
单选题45.It is proper to be______when you hear someone say "I'm special. "
【正确答案】
C
【答案解析】此题考查对文章的全面理解。文章提到,如果听到人们说“不,我没有什么特别”,这将会让人很沮丧。也就是说,人们更喜欢听到别人说自己与众不同。It would be more depressing if people answered,“No,I'm not special.”四个选项的意思是:objective客观的,真实的;pessimistic悲观的,厌世的;optimistic乐观的;worried闷闷不乐的,为难的。所以,应该选择C。