阅读理解 During the day, Leipzig's airport is quiet. It is at night that the airfield comes to life. Next to the runway a yellow warehouse serves as the global sorting hub for DHL, a delivery firm owned by Deutsche Post of Germany. A huge extension, which opened in October, means it can sort 150,000 parcels each hour, says Ken Allen, DHL's CEO. With falling trade barrier, cross-border e-commerce has become a key term in the modern economy.
The rise of cross-border e-commerce has meant booming business for express-delivery firms. On January 31st UPS revealed record revenues for the fourth quarter of 2016; FedEx and DHL are expected to report similarly buoyant results next month. Since 2008 half of the increase in express-delivery volumes has come from shoppers buying items online from another country.
Falling trade barriers have greatly helped them. When DHL and FedEx were getting going in the 1970s, there was little demand for international express deliveries. Packages often got stuck in customs for weeks and were heavily taxed. The expansion of free-trade areas, lower tariffs and the Internet brought years of growth.
But after Mr. Trump's threats to raise tariffs on goods from China and Mexico, together with the indication last month from Theresa May, Britain's prime minister, that the country will leave the EU's customs union, there are widespread fears that the favourable tailwinds enjoyed by the industry for decades are gone. The express-delivery industry faces a new challenge; the return of trade barriers due to the protectionist bent of Donald Trump and because of Brexit. The return of borders poses a challenge to the soaring parcel-delivery business.
" It's all a real nightmare," groans David Jinks of ParcelHero, a British parcel broker which works with DHL, FedEx and UPS. Start with Brexit. Post-Brexit costs will probably come from long wrangles over which of 19,000 customs codes should be applied to a consignment. As an example of what could happen, Halloween costumes from China often get stuck at Britain's border while customs officials work out whether they are toys or children's clothes, which attract different duties. Such complexity would force delivery firms to put up their prices to customers, Mr. Jinks says. Sending an item from Britain to Switzerland (outside the EU) costs 150% more than it does to Italy (inside the EU).
The most severe impact on business would come from higher tariffs, which would hurt demand for cross-border imports and deliveries in favour of local goods. This is where Mr. Trump's threats come into focus.
单选题 21.The example of Leipzig's airport shows that______.
【正确答案】 C
【答案解析】细节题。由Leipzig's airport可定位到第一段。第一段主要介绍位于莱比锡机场的一个德国邮政旗下快递公司DHL的全球分拣中心经历扩建后,吞吐能力增强,随着贸易壁垒的降低,跨境电子商务发展迅猛。由此可以推知,[C]“跨境电子商务的发展促进了快递业的扩张”正确。[A]“Leipzig机场是DHL最大的分拣中心”错误,文中没有提及该分拣中心是否是最大的;[B]“机场比其他任何形式的跨境快递运送的货物都多”,文中也没有提到;[D]“由于美国和英国的政策变化,跨境电子商务面临挑战”后面的段落虽有提及,但并不是这个例子在这里要证明的。
单选题 22.The word "buoyant" is closest in meaning to______.
【正确答案】 A
【答案解析】词义理解题。本句出现一个重要的逻辑词similarly(同样地),因此可以从前一句推知buovant一词的意思。前一句的意思是“1月31日,UPS公布的2016年第四季度收入创下新高”,可以推知,buoyant是形容令人振奋的业绩。其他选项[B]“波动的”,[C]“不可预测的”,[D]“平淡无奇的”,均不符合文意。
单选题 23.What do we know about parcel delivery services in the 1970s?
【正确答案】 D
【答案解析】细节题。根据关键词1970s定位到第三段:“20世纪70年代DHL和FedEx刚起步时,人们对国际快递的需求还很少。包裹经常被卡在海关长达数周,还要支付高额的关税”。[D]“国际快递业处于初级发展阶段”正确。[A]“关税壁垒降低”和[B]“DHL和FedEx在迅速扩张”均发生在70年代以后;[C]“快递业面临关税壁垒的回归”是现在的局面。
单选题 24.What effect will Brexit probably bring on parcel delivery services?
【正确答案】 B
【答案解析】细节题。根据关键词Brexit定位到第五段,第五段主要讲了英国脱欧之后复杂的海关征税体系会使得快递业增加收费。故答案选[B]“消费者会花更多的快递费”。[A]“中英贸易会减少”;[C]“英国国会将审查19,000条海关规定”;[D]“DHL,FedEx和UPS会关闭一些英国的子公司”,三个选项均没有提到。
单选题 25.The passage is mainly about______.
【正确答案】 A
【答案解析】主旨题。纵观全文,文章的大意是美国总统特朗普可能提出的新政策和英国脱欧可能会造成贸易壁垒的回归,进而影响跨境贸易,对国际快递业造成冲击。故答案选[A]“物流公司面临贸易壁垒”。