【正确答案】 1、正确答案：Professors in Shanghai lecturing on literature state that literature should describe the eternal human nature, otherwise it will not last long. For example, in Britain, Shakespeare and one or two other writers wrote about the eternal human qualities, hence they are still read today: other writers failed to do this, and their works perished. This is truly the so-called:"I understand when you don"t explain, while the more you explain, the more confused I grow. " I am sure it is possible that many earlier English works of literature have been lost, but I never knew that they perished because they failed to describe the eternal human qualities. Now I know this, I am at a loss to understand where this professor saw these works, since they have perished, so that he can be so sure that none of them described the eternal human qualities. What has lasted is good literature, and what has perished is bad literature. If you seize a country you are king, and if you fail you are a bandit. Don"t tell me the Chinese theory of history is going to be applied to the Chinese theory of literature! I hear that in Britain, for instance, most of the earliest novels were written for ladies, so naturally there was a preponderance of sweet perspiration: but towards the end of the nineteenth century they were influenced by Russian literature , so there was quite a little foul perspiration. Which kind will last, it is still early to say. In China, listening Taoists talking about Tao or critics hold forth on literature makes your flesh creep, and no perspiration dares come. But perhaps this is the eternal human nature of the Chinese.