问答题
{{B}}Writing Based on Reading and Listening{{/B}}
{{B}}Directions:{{/B}} For this task, you will first have five minutes to read a passage about an academic topic. You may take notes on the passage if you wish. The passage will then be removed and you will listen to a lecture about the same topic. While you listen, you may also take notes.
Then you will have 20 minutes to write a response to a question that asks you about the relationship between the lecture you heard and the reading passage. Try to answer the question as completely as possible using information from the reading passage and the lecture. The question does not ask you to express your personal opinion. You will be able to see the reading passage again when it is time for you to write. You may use your notes to help you answer the question.
Typically, an effective response will be 150 to 225 words long. Your response will be judged on the quality of your writing and on the completeness and accuracy of the content. If you finish your response before time is up, you may click on Next to go on to the second writing task.
Now you will see the reading passage for five minutes. Remember it will be available to you again when you write immediately after the reading time ends. The lecture will begin, so keep your headset on until the lecture is over.
{{B}}Narrator{{/B}}
Now listen to a part of a lecture on the topic you just read about.
{{B}}Writing Based on Knowledge and Experience{{/B}}
{{B}}Directions:{{/B}} For this task, you will write an essay in response to a question that asks you to state, explain, and support your opinion on an issue.
Typically, an effective essay will contain a minimum of 300 words. Your essay will be judged on the quality of your writing. This includes the development of your ideas, the organization of your essay, and the quality and accuracy of the language you use to express your ideas.
You have 30 minutes to plan and complete your essay.
{{B}}Narrator{{/B}}
Now listen to a part of a lecture on the topic you just read about.
{{B}}Writing Based on Knowledge and Experience{{/B}}
{{B}}Directions:{{/B}} For this task, you will write an essay in response to a question that asks you to state, explain, and support your opinion on an issue.
Typically, an effective essay will contain a minimum of 300 words. Your essay will be judged on the quality of your writing. This includes the development of your ideas, the organization of your essay, and the quality and accuracy of the language you use to express your ideas.
You have 30 minutes to plan and complete your essay.
【正确答案】
【答案解析】{{B}}[Professor]{{/B}}
Sleep, dream. Yeah, everybody will sleep. Now I want to tell you about "We sleep in order to dream, and dream in order to learn". The first evidence that the brain is at work while we dream came in the 1960s: Brainwaves recorded during REM sleep were found to be exactly like those of a wakeful brain. This suggests that dreaming is not, as Freud said, a playtime for subconscious desires. Rather, it is a tool that enables us to learn from our experiences and solidify memories.
The Australian spiny anteater lives its life without taking so much as a nap. So if dreaming is integral to learning, how can this animal survive? Scientists have found that this anteater learns, or stores memories, because its brain is big enough to handle the task of solidifying memories while it is awake.
If humans did not sleep, we would need impossibly large brains. Since we don't have brains the size of bathtubs, we have had to become more efficient with what little we have. REM, some speculate, is our brains' way of taking advantage of the downtime of sleep to store memories.
Other animals have developed this efficient kind of brain, too. Research done on rats at MIT has shown that the rodents relive the same mazes they have run through in the daytime while they sleep. Electrodes monitoring brain activity in waking and sleeping states seem to indicate that the animals are learning how to interact better with their environment as they dream.
Because a rat cannot tell you about its dreams, studies like this one At MIT's have their detractors.
Q: summarize the points made in the lecture you just heard, explaining how they east doubt on points made in the reading?