问答题
At a time when the public is being assaulted with unsolicited e-mail ads, California is about to launch the toughest counterattack in the nation. A law that goes into effect on Jan. 1 allows computer users in the state to refuse unwanted solicitations en masse and sue spammers who violate their wishes for as much as ＄1 million.
Those potent weapons for deflecting pitches that offer everything from bigger body parts to lower mortgage rates have attracted the ire of the U.S. Chamber of Commerce and mass marketers. Fearing the law will curtail advertising on the Internet, they are pushing for a far weaker national solution that would undercut the tough tactics in California and other states that are going the same route. But such self-interest is hardly enlightened. The growing flood of messages not only annoys PC users, it also slows the transmission of wanted e-mail and forces businesses to spend billions to combat spam.
In fact, a survey released Oct. 22 suggests the proliferation of pitches could hurt the very e-commerce these business groups say they want to preserve. The survey of computer users, funded by the Pew Charitable Trusts, a non-profit group that studies public issues, found 25% use e-mail less because of spam. And 75% were reluctant to give out e-mail addresses, even to online retailers.
Those potent weapons for deflecting pitches that offer everything from bigger body parts to lower mortgage rates have attracted the ire of the U.S. Chamber of Commerce and mass marketers. Fearing the law will curtail advertising on the Internet, they are pushing for a far weaker national solution that would undercut the tough tactics in California and other states that are going the same route. But such self-interest is hardly enlightened. The growing flood of messages not only annoys PC users, it also slows the transmission of wanted e-mail and forces businesses to spend billions to combat spam.
In fact, a survey released Oct. 22 suggests the proliferation of pitches could hurt the very e-commerce these business groups say they want to preserve. The survey of computer users, funded by the Pew Charitable Trusts, a non-profit group that studies public issues, found 25% use e-mail less because of spam. And 75% were reluctant to give out e-mail addresses, even to online retailers.
问答题
At a time when the public is being assaulted with unsolicited e-mail ads, Califomia is about to launch the toughest counterattack in the nation.
【正确答案】正当公众遭受不请自来的电子广告邮件之时，加州即将发动全国最为凌厉的反击。
【答案解析】[解析] unsolicited意为“未被恳求的，主动提供的”。Unsolicited Bulk Email (UBE)，指没获得收信者允许、向多数收信人一齐发送的邮件。
问答题
A law that goes into effect on Jan. 1 allows computer users in the state to refuse unwanted solicitations en masse and sue spammers who violate their wishes for as much as ＄1 million.
【正确答案】1月1日生效的一项法律使加州计算机用户得以拒绝大量令人讨厌的电子垃圾广告，并起诉违反其意愿的电子垃圾广告发送者，要求得到多达100万美元的赔偿。一项法律在1月1日生效后，加州计算机用户就可以拒绝大量令人讨厌的电子垃圾广告，而且可以起诉违反其意愿的电子垃圾广告发送者，要求得到多达100万美元的赔偿。
【答案解析】[解析] 原句是个无灵主语句，译成汉语时，方法之一是译成使动结构，如第一个译文；第二个方法是把原来的使动结构的主语译成状语，如第二个译文。句中的en masse为法语，意为“全体地，一同地，大规模地”。
问答题
Those potent weapons for deflecting pitches that offer everything from bigger body parts to lower mortgage rates have attracted the ire of the U.S. Chamber of Commerce and mass marketers.
【正确答案】通过使用这些有力武器旨在摆脱种种商品广告，如推销较大的车身部件，较低的抵押利率等，这已引起美国商会和大规模专营销售公司的愤怒。
【答案解析】[解析] 上述译文使用了增译法，增加了动词“使用”以使语义明确。chamber多用于表达工商业、矿业和运输方面的协会。如：西澳大利亚的Chamber of Mines(矿业协会)、American Chamber of Commerce(美国商业协会)和International Chamber of Shipping(国际航运协会)等；一些国家的翻译协会也用此词表达，如比利时的Belgian Chamber of Translators， Interpreters and Philologists。而美国商务部则是the Department of Commerce。此外，常用的表达“协会”的词还包括：
1) academy：通常指学者、科学家和艺术家的协会。如：Royal Academy of Arts(英国皇家艺术协会)、Academy of Television Arts and Sciences(美国电视科学艺术协会)，Academy of Country Music(美国乡村音乐协会)，Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences(美国电影科学艺术协会)等。
2) association：从搭配频率看，association是英文中最常见的“协会”对应词，适用范围相当广泛，如National Basketball Association(美国篮球协会，简称NBA)。世界各国的翻译协会也普遍使用此词，如European Association for Machine Translation(欧洲机器翻译协会)和Irish Translators Association(爱尔兰翻译协会)。
3) circle：主要用来指影评、书评和写作方面的协会。如：New York Film Critics Circle(纽约影评人协会)，London Critics Circle(伦敦影评人协会)，Vancouver Film Critics Circle(温哥华影评人协会)，美国的National Book Critics Circle(全国书评家协会)和加拿大的Emily Chesley Reading Circle(切斯利阅读协会)等。
4) club：一般译作“俱乐部”，有时也用来表示旨在娱乐和分享的协会。如：American Kennel Club(美国犬业协会)，Art Directors Club(美国一些城市的“艺术设计协会”)以及Parents Club(一些英语国家学校的家长协会)等。目前，中国大学的一些协会也用此词，如Talented Girls Club(才女协会)和English Exchange Club(英语交流协会)等。不过，翻译“协会”时还是慎用此词为好。
5) college：常用来指称医学界和教育界的协会。如：College of Massage Therapists of Ontario(安大略注册按摩师协会)，the College of Teachers(教师协会)，American College of Surgeons(美国外科医生协会)和Royal College of Physicians(英国皇家内科医生协会)等。
6) council：多为宗教文化方面或企事业间作为成员的协会，如：Hong Kong ShengKungHui Welfare Council(香港圣公会福利协会)，British Council(英国文化协会)，Council of Logistics Management(美国物流管理协会)，Packaging Management Council(包装管理协会)，Council on Foreign Relations(对外关系协会)和China Christian Council(中国基督教协会)等。
7) society: International Finance Society(国际金融协会)，Archaeological Society of China(中国考古协会)，Chinese Monetary Society(中国金融学会)，Chinese Photographers Society(中国摄影家协会)，International Bible Society(国际圣经协会)，American Society of Cinematographers(美国电影摄影师协会)，Canada-China Friendship Society(加中友好协会)，Royal Society for the Protection of Birds(英国皇家鸟类保护协会)和American Society of Appraisers(美国评估协会)等。加、新、荷等国的翻译家协会等也使用society。中国还常将协会性质的“学会”、“学社”和“公会”译成society，如：Seismological Society(地震学会)， Chinese-Society of Landscape Architecture(中国风景园林学会)，Jiu San Society/3rd of September Society(九三学社)和Newspaper Society of Hong Kong(香港报业公会)等。
1) academy：通常指学者、科学家和艺术家的协会。如：Royal Academy of Arts(英国皇家艺术协会)、Academy of Television Arts and Sciences(美国电视科学艺术协会)，Academy of Country Music(美国乡村音乐协会)，Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences(美国电影科学艺术协会)等。
2) association：从搭配频率看，association是英文中最常见的“协会”对应词，适用范围相当广泛，如National Basketball Association(美国篮球协会，简称NBA)。世界各国的翻译协会也普遍使用此词，如European Association for Machine Translation(欧洲机器翻译协会)和Irish Translators Association(爱尔兰翻译协会)。
3) circle：主要用来指影评、书评和写作方面的协会。如：New York Film Critics Circle(纽约影评人协会)，London Critics Circle(伦敦影评人协会)，Vancouver Film Critics Circle(温哥华影评人协会)，美国的National Book Critics Circle(全国书评家协会)和加拿大的Emily Chesley Reading Circle(切斯利阅读协会)等。
4) club：一般译作“俱乐部”，有时也用来表示旨在娱乐和分享的协会。如：American Kennel Club(美国犬业协会)，Art Directors Club(美国一些城市的“艺术设计协会”)以及Parents Club(一些英语国家学校的家长协会)等。目前，中国大学的一些协会也用此词，如Talented Girls Club(才女协会)和English Exchange Club(英语交流协会)等。不过，翻译“协会”时还是慎用此词为好。
5) college：常用来指称医学界和教育界的协会。如：College of Massage Therapists of Ontario(安大略注册按摩师协会)，the College of Teachers(教师协会)，American College of Surgeons(美国外科医生协会)和Royal College of Physicians(英国皇家内科医生协会)等。
6) council：多为宗教文化方面或企事业间作为成员的协会，如：Hong Kong ShengKungHui Welfare Council(香港圣公会福利协会)，British Council(英国文化协会)，Council of Logistics Management(美国物流管理协会)，Packaging Management Council(包装管理协会)，Council on Foreign Relations(对外关系协会)和China Christian Council(中国基督教协会)等。
7) society: International Finance Society(国际金融协会)，Archaeological Society of China(中国考古协会)，Chinese Monetary Society(中国金融学会)，Chinese Photographers Society(中国摄影家协会)，International Bible Society(国际圣经协会)，American Society of Cinematographers(美国电影摄影师协会)，Canada-China Friendship Society(加中友好协会)，Royal Society for the Protection of Birds(英国皇家鸟类保护协会)和American Society of Appraisers(美国评估协会)等。加、新、荷等国的翻译家协会等也使用society。中国还常将协会性质的“学会”、“学社”和“公会”译成society，如：Seismological Society(地震学会)， Chinese-Society of Landscape Architecture(中国风景园林学会)，Jiu San Society/3rd of September Society(九三学社)和Newspaper Society of Hong Kong(香港报业公会)等。
问答题
Fearing the law will curtail advertising on the Internet, they are pushing for a far weaker national solution that would undercut the tough tactics in California and other states that are going the same route. But such self-interest is hardly enlightened.
【正确答案】因害怕该法律会导致因特网上的广告减少，他们正在竭力推行一项力度小得多的全国性解决方案，该方案将削弱加州和其他响应的各州所采取的强硬手段。但这种维护自身利益的做法并不开明。
【答案解析】[解析] 原句包括一个分词短语、两个定语从句和一个从句。根据汉语意合的特点，将原文译成了三个并列句。注意抽象名词self-interest译为动宾结构“维护自身利益的做法”。
问答题
The growing flood of messages not only annoys PC users, it also slows the transmission of wanted e-mail and forces businesses to spend billions to combat spam.
【正确答案】越来越多的电子商业广告不但令个人计算机/电脑用户烦不胜烦，而且还减慢了人们想要的电子邮件的传输速度，迫使企业(不得不)花费数以十亿的美元来对付电子垃圾。
【答案解析】[解析] a flood of是一量词隐喻，不仅用来形容数量之大，而且具有形象的修辞作用。除flood之外，还有许多表示自然现象的词语用来表示数量大，如：
A surge of impatient shoppers poured into the store.一群迫不及待的顾客潮水般涌入商店。
A long ripple of laughter is echoing on Mr. Smith's class.史密斯的课上传来一阵长久的欢快笑声。
I'm sorry, I can't take part in talks today; I'm buried under a mountain of work.抱歉，我不能参加今天的会谈，我有一大堆事要做。
a wave of anger勃然大怒，a galaxy of talents一大批英才，a sea of flags一片旗帜的海洋，an avalanche of pamphlets铺天盖地的小册子。
A surge of impatient shoppers poured into the store.一群迫不及待的顾客潮水般涌入商店。
A long ripple of laughter is echoing on Mr. Smith's class.史密斯的课上传来一阵长久的欢快笑声。
I'm sorry, I can't take part in talks today; I'm buried under a mountain of work.抱歉，我不能参加今天的会谈，我有一大堆事要做。
a wave of anger勃然大怒，a galaxy of talents一大批英才，a sea of flags一片旗帜的海洋，an avalanche of pamphlets铺天盖地的小册子。
问答题
In fact, a survey released Oct. 22 suggests the proliferation of pitches could hurt the very e-commerce these business groups say they want to preserve.
【正确答案】事实上，10月22日发布的一份调查意味着电子广告的扩散会损害的正是这些商业团体声称要维护的电子商务。
【答案解析】[解析] suggests后的宾语也是一主谓句，其中的宾语成分the very e-commerce后另有一定语从句修饰。
问答题
The survey of computer users, funded by the Pew Charitable Trusts, a non-profit group that studies public issues, found 25% use e-mail less because of spam. And 75% were reluctant to give out e-mail addresses, even to online retailers.
【正确答案】对计算机用户的调查是由皮尤慈善信托基金会出资进行的，这是一家研究公共问题的非赢利机构。该调查发现，25%的用户因为电子垃圾而减少了电子邮件的使用，75%的用户不愿提供其电子邮件地址，即使对在线零售商也是如此。
【答案解析】[解析] 前句是一包孕句，图示如下：
