单选题 Excerpt 1:
Weight training helps to prevent type 2 diabetes in men, research suggests.
Researchers found regular weights reduced the risk by up to a third, in the study of more than 32,000 men published in the Archives of Internal Medicine journal.
It is already well known that regular exercise can prevent the disease. But the report is considered important as weights provide an alternative to aerobic (有氧的) exercises such as running for people who are not so mobile.
Excerpt 2:
Researchers say they have discovered why men may be more likely than women to develop type 2 diabetes—they are biologically more susceptible. Men need to gain far less weight than women to develop the condition, study findings suggest.
The Glasgow University team found men developed the disease at a lower Body Mass Index (BMI) than women.
Excerpt 3:
Opticians should offer blood sugar checks alongside eye tests to help spot patients with undiagnosed diabetes, experts propose.
A simple finger prick blood test in this setting could identify hundreds of thousands of people with type 2 diabetes, according to researchers.
Excerpt 4:
The rising rates of diabetes mean the condition now accounts for nearly a 10th of the annual NHS drugs bill in England, official figures show.
Excerpt 5:
The number of adults with diabetes in the world has more than doubled since 1980, a study in the Lancet says.
Researchers from Imperial College London and Harvard University in the US analysed data from 2.7m people across the world, using statistical techniques to project a worldwide figure. The total number of people with all forms of the disease—which can be fatal—has risen from 153m to 347m. The authors said 70% of the rise was down to people living longer.
Excerpt 6:
An extreme eight-week diet of 600 calories a day can reverse Type 2 diabetes in people newly diagnosed with the disease, says a Diabetologia study. Seven out of 11 people studied were free of diabetes three months later, say findings published in the journal. More research is needed to see whether the reversal is permanent, say experts.
Excerpt 7:
Giving young children vitamin D supplements may reduce their risk of developing type 1 diabetes later in life, research suggests. Children who took supplements were around 30% less likely to develop the condition than those who did not.
单选题 All of the following help to reduce or cure diabetes EXCEPT ______.
【正确答案】 B
【答案解析】[考点] 细节判断
此题考查的是考生根据文章内容对细节进行正确判断的能力。问题问:四个选项中,哪一种情况对于减少患糖尿病几率或治愈糖尿病没有帮助?摘要1谈到,减肥训练有望防止男性得2型糖尿病,使患病风险降低1/3;有规律的锻炼可以防止疾病的发生,但减肥训练与有氧运动如跑步一样重要(选项C和选项D内容)。摘要7提出:给孩子补充维生素D,可以降低他们以后患1型糖尿病的风险(选项A内容)。由此可以判断,“通过有规律的锻炼来减压”原文中没有提到。所以,本题正确答案是B。
干扰项A:年轻时补充维生素D;干扰项C:做有规律的运动,如跑步;干扰项D:进行减肥训练,特别是男性。
单选题 Which of the following choices involves the increase in diabetes patients?
【正确答案】 A
【答案解析】[考点] 细节判断
此题考查的是考生根据文章内容对细节进行正确判断的能力。问题问:哪些摘要内容谈到了糖尿病患者人数在增加。摘要4谈到,糖尿病患病几率的上升,意味着糖尿病防治占(英国)国家卫生事业局药物总账单的10%。摘要5谈到,自1980以来,全世界糖尿病患者人数增加两倍多。可以判断,在七篇摘要中,只有摘要4和摘要5提到了糖尿病患者人数增加这一内容。所以,本题正确答案是A。
单选题 Men are more likely to develop type 2 diabetes when ______.
【正确答案】 C
【答案解析】[考点] 细节推断
此题考查的是考生根据文章内容对细节进行正确判断的能力。问题问:男性在什么情况下更可能患2型糖尿病?摘要1谈到,减肥训练有望预防男性得2型糖尿病,使患病风险降低1/3。摘要2提出,从生物学角度来说,男性较易患糖尿病,因此,男性体重不可过高。男性如果身高体重比较低,就会患糖尿病。因此可以推断,当男性体重增加较多时,更可能患糖尿病。所以,本题正确答案是C。
干扰项A:很少运动;干扰项B:不定期检查血糖;干扰项D:不补充维生素D。这三个选项的内容原文都没有提及。
单选题 According to the study in the Lancet , ______.
【正确答案】 D
【答案解析】[考点] 细节判断
此题考查考生对文章细节作出正确判断的能力。问题问:根据《柳叶刀》杂志的一项研究,______。摘要5提出,《柳叶刀》的一项研究表明,自1980年以来,全球成人糖尿病患者人数已经增加了一倍多。所以,本题正确答案是D。
干扰项A:如今长寿的人数在下降;干扰项B:糖尿病患者人数在减少;干扰项C:患不治之症的人数增加了一倍。选项A和选项C的内容原文都没有提及,选项B内容与原文相反。