There are a great many careers in which the increasing emphasis is on specialization. You find these careers in engineering, in production, in statistical work, and in teaching. But there is an increasing demand for people who are able to take in a great area at a glance, people who perhaps do not know too much about any one field. There is, in other words, a demand for people who are capable of seeing the forest rather than the trees, of making general judgments. We can call these people 'generalists'. And these 'generalists' are particularly needed for positions in administration, where it is their job to see that other people do the work, where they have to plan for other people, to organize other people's work, to begin it and judge it. The specialist understands one field; his concern is with technique and tools. He is a 'trained' man; and his educational background is properly technical or professional. The generalist --- and especially the administrator --- deals with people; his concern is with leadership, with planning, and with direction giving. He is an 'educated' man; and the humanities(人文学)are his strongest foundation. Very rarely is a specialist capable of being an administrator. And very rarely is a good generalist also a good specialist in a particular field.
Any organization needs both kinds of people, though different organizations need them in different proportions. It is your task to find out, during your training period, into which of the two kinds of jobs you fit, and to plan your career accordingly.
Your first job may turn out to be the right job for you, but this is pure accident. Certainly you should not change jobs constantly or people will become suspicious of your ability to hold any job. At the same time you must not look upon the first job as the final job; it is primarily a training job, an opportunity to understand yourself and your fitness for being an employee.

单选题 There is an increasing demand for ______.

A、 all-round people in their own fields
B、 people whose job is to organize other people's work
C、 generalists whose educational background is either technical or professional
D、 specialists whose chief concern is to provide administrative guidance to others

【正确答案】 B

【答案解析】 由“there is an increasing demand”可定位到文中第一段，对这种人的需求量在与日俱增——这种人瞥一眼就能看到全局，对某一个细小领域都不甚了解。接下来又做了细致阐述，也就是能做总体决议的人，也就是管理层人员。B选项正确。

单选题 The specialist is ______.

A、 a man whose job is to train other people
B、 a man who has been trained in more than one field
C、 a man who can see the forest rather than the trees
D、 a man whose concern is mainly with technical or professional matters

【正确答案】 D

【答案解析】 原文第一段中间部分指出，“specialist，his concern is with technique and tools…technical or professional”，故D选项正确。

单选题 The administrator is ______.

A、 a 'trained' man who is more a specialist than a generalist
B、 a man who sees the trees as well as the forest
C、 a man who is very strong in the humanities
D、 a man who is an 'educated' specialist

【正确答案】 C

【答案解析】 原文第一段指出，“administrator，the humanities are his strongest foundation”，故C选项正确。

单选题 During your training period, it is important ______.

A、 to try to be a generalist
B、 to choose a profitable job
C、 to find an organization which fits you
D、 to decide whether you are fit to be a specialist or a generalist

【正确答案】 D

【答案解析】 由“during your training period”可定位到原文第二段，“find out into which of the two kinds of jobs you fit”，故D选项正确。

单选题 A man's first job ______.

A、 is never the right job for him
B、 should not be regarded as his final job
C、 should not be changed or people will become suspicious of his ability to hold any job
D、 is primarily an opportunity to fit himself for his final job

【正确答案】 B

【答案解析】 由“a man's first job”可定位到原文最后一段，“you must not look upon the first job as the final job”可以得知，B选项是正确选项。