单选题
Urbanization and Its Influence

Over half the world"s people now live in cities. The latest "Global Report on Human Settlements" says a significant change took place last year. The report 16 this week from U. N. Habitat, a United Nations agency.
A century ago, 17 than five percent of all people lived in cities. 18 the middle of this century it could be seventy percent, or 19 six and a half billion people.
Already three-fourths of people in 20 countries live in cities. Now most urban population 21 is in the developing world.
Urbanization can lead to social and economic progress, but also put 22 on cities to provide housing and 23 . The new report says almost two hundred thousand people move 24 cities and towns each day. It says worsening inequalities, 25 by social divisions and differences in 26 , could result in violence and crime unless cities plan better.
Another issue is urban sprawl (无序扩展的城区). This is where cities 27 quickly into rural areas, sometimes 28 a much faster rate than urban population growth.
Sprawl is common in the United States. Americans move a lot. In a recent study, Art Hall at the University of Kansas found that people are moving away from the 29 cities to smaller ones. He sees a 30 toward "de-urbanization" across the nation.
【正确答案】 D
【答案解析】[解析] come out:出版、发表;come on:开始、接着来;come over:过来、顺便来访;come off:结果、脱落。根据句子意思,应该是发表报告,所以选D。
【正确答案】 B
【答案解析】[解析] 一个世纪前,城市人口应该是非常少,所以选less,即少于5%。
【正确答案】 A
【答案解析】[解析] along:沿着;through:通过、穿过。表示时间的节点用by,by the middle of this century,在本世纪中叶。
【正确答案】 D
【答案解析】[解析] barely:几乎不、几乎没有。表示大约的人口数,用almost,意思是“差不多”。
【正确答案】 C
【答案解析】[解析] 前面应该是和后面的比较,后面用developing world,所以此处填developed。flourishing:繁荣的、茂盛的;thriving:旺盛的、蒸蒸日上的;fertile:肥沃的、富饶的、多产的。
【正确答案】 D
【答案解析】[解析] 从上下文判断,这儿指城市人口的增加。extension:扩展;raise:上升、增加,它不和population搭配使用。addition:添加、增加,不可用来修饰人口。所以选growth。
【正确答案】 A
【答案解析】[解析] put pressure on是固定搭配,表示“给压力”;restraint:约束、抑制;load:承载、负荷;weight:重量。
【正确答案】 D
【答案解析】[解析] 此处指提供住所和服务,即services。surroundings:环境、生活环境;concerns:关注、关心;communities:社区、团体。
【正确答案】 C
【答案解析】[解析] move into是正确的搭配。around:围绕、环绕。
【正确答案】 C
【答案解析】[解析] 贫富差异会使社会产生进一步的不公平,所以用driven,和后面的by构成被动语态。
【正确答案】 C
【答案解析】[解析] 此处指社会财富分配的不均,social wealth意思是“社会财富”。situation:情景;treasure:财宝、珍宝;category:分类、范畴。
【正确答案】 A
【答案解析】[解析] 本句意思指城市的扩张,用expand恰当。invade:入侵、侵略;split:分裂;enlarge:扩大、放大。
【正确答案】 D
【答案解析】[解析] 表示速度用at the rate of。beyond:超过、超越。
【正确答案】 D
【答案解析】[解析] 在逆城市化的进程中,人们从大城市搬往小城市,四个单词中只有major表示“重要的、大的”。essential:基本的、本质的;primitive:原始的、粗糙的;prior和to搭配,表示“在……之前”。
【正确答案】 A
【答案解析】[解析] 此处是一种“de-urbanization”的发展趋势,trend意思正确。direction:指示、方向;style:风格。