阅读理解
In the 2006 film version of The Devil Wears Prada , Miranda Priestly, played by Meryl Streep, scolds her unattractive assistant for imagining that high fashion doesn't affect her, Priestly explains how the deep blue color of the assistant' s sweater descended over the years from fashion shows to departments stores and to the bargain bin in which the poor girl doubtless found her garment. This top-down conception of the fashion business couldn't be more out of date or at odds with the feverish world described in Overdressed, Elizabeth Cline's three-year indictment of "fast fashion". In the last decade or so, advances in technology have allowed mass-market labels such as Zara, H&M, and Uniqlo to react to trends more quickly and anticipate demand more precisely. Quicker turnarounds mean less wasted inventory, more frequent release, and more profit. These labels encourage style-conscious consumers to see clothes as disposable—meant to last only a wash or two, although they don't advertise that—and to renew their wardrobe every few weeks. By offering on-trend items at dirt-cheap prices, Cline argues, these brands have hijacked fashion cycles, shaking an industry long accustomed to a seasonal pace. The victims of this revolution, of course, are not limited to designers. For H&M to offer a $5.95 knit miniskirt in all its 2,300-pius stores around the world, it must rely on low-wage overseas labor, order in volumes that strain natural resources, and use massive amounts of harmful chemicals. Overdressed is the fashion world' s answer to consumer-activist bestsellers like Michael Pollan' s The Omnivore's Dilemma. "Mass-produced clothing, like fast food, fills a hunger and need, yet is non-durable and wasteful," Cline argues. Americans, she finds, buy roughly 20 billion garments a year—about 64 items per person—and no matter how much they give away, this excess leads to waste. Towards the end of Overdressed, Cline introduced her ideal, a Brooklyn woman named Sarah Kate Beaumont, who since 2008 has made all of her own clothes—and beautifully. But as Cline is the first to note, it took Beaumont decades to perfect her craft: her example can't be knocked off. Though several fast-fashion companies have made efforts to curb their impact on labor and the environment—including H&M, with its green Conscious Collection line—Cline believes lasting change can only be effected by the customer. She exhibits the idealism common to many advocates of sustainability, be it in food or in energy. Vanity is a constant: people will only start shopping more sustainably when they can' t afford not to.
单选题
Priestly criticizes her assistant for her______.
【正确答案】
B
【答案解析】细节题。根据关键词定位到第一段，“scolds her unattractive assistant for imagining that high fashion doesn’t affect her”意为“臭骂她那个毫无魅力的助手，因为她居然认为高级时尚影响不到她”。所以题干criticizes是scolds的同义复现，B项中的“insensitivity to fashion”解释了“imagining that high fashion doesn't affect her”，故选B项。A项“拙劣的讨价还价技巧”是针对“bargain bin in which the poor girl”出的干扰项。C项“痴迷于高级时尚”与原文表述相反。D项“缺乏想象力”是针对imagining出的干扰项。
单选题
According to Cline, mass-market labels urge consumers to______.
【正确答案】
D
【答案解析】细节题。根据关键词mass-market labels定位到第二段。段中“…these labels encourage style-conscious consumers to see clothes as disposable…to renew their wardrobe every few weeks”意为“这些时装厂商鼓励追求时尚的消费者把时装变成一次性消费品……过几星期就重填一次衣柜”，题干urge就是原文encourage的同义复现。从原文可知时装厂商是鼓励消费者频繁购物，因此D项正确。A项“抵制不必要的浪费”原文没有提及。B项“将疯狂的世界排除在外”，是对原文的曲解，也是利用短语at odds with“与……起争执，有差异”设置的陷阱。C项“抵抗广告的影响”是针对原文“although they don't advertise that”出的干扰项。
单选题
The word "indictment" ( Para. 2) is closest in meaning to______.
【正确答案】
A
【答案解析】词义题。猜测单词含义要结合上下文的意思分析。本句“…couldn't be more out of date or at odds with the feverish world described in Overdressed，Elizabeth Cline’s three-year indictment of‘fast fashion’”，or连接两个并列分句，or前是“太老套”，由此可判断or后应该是“太时尚”。“described in Overdressed，Elizabeth Cline’s three-year indictment of‘fast fashion’”都是作定语修饰the feverish world(发烧的、疯狂的世界)。结合前面couldn’t可知Cline对这fast fashion是否定的。段末提到hijack和shaking，也可知Cline对“快速时尚”持否定态度。B项enmusiasm“热情”、D项tolerance“宽容”都是褒义词。C项indifference“漠不关心，不感兴趣”，但本文态度倾向很明显。因此选A．accusation“谴责”。Cline的态度也确实是谴责．从下文写其负面影响可见一斑。
单选题
Which of the following can be inferred from the last paragraph?
【正确答案】
D
【答案解析】推断题。A项“虚荣心更多地存在于理想主义者中”，原文只是说Vanity is a constant“虚荣心每个人都有”，属于过度推断。B项“快速时尚产业忽视了可持续发展”与原文相悖，原文说有一些公司致力于减少对环境的影响。C项“人们对买不起的衣服更感兴趣”，无中生有。D项“价格对于环保型购物来说至关重要”，文章最后提到“人们买不起的时候，自然会以更加可持续的方式去购物”，句中的关键词是“afford”和“shop more sustainably”，对应D项中的“pricing”和“environmental-friendly purchasing”，因此选D项。