【正确答案】
D
【答案解析】[听力原文] I'm going to introduce two current points of view about the motivation for writing the United States Constitutionback in 1787. The first one is called the idealist view. Theidealists basically believe that the writers of the Constitutionwere motivated by ideas. Which ideas? The ideas of theRevolutionary War, such as liberty and democracy. Theidealists remind that the young country had a lot of problems:an economic depression, a large war debt, lawlessnessand trade barriers between the states. They argue that therepresentatives needed to control these problems in order forthe United States to survive. The other point of view is theeconomic view. The economic view is that the writers of theConstitution were concemed about their own financialinterests.According to them most people care about wealth, and thewealthiest people were especially afraid of losing their money.The writers wanted a strong central government that wouldpromote trade, protect private property and perhaps most ofall collect taxes to pay off the United States' large war debts,because a number of those who wrote the Constitution hadloaned money to the government during the revolution. Whichview is correct? Historians who wrote during the calm andprosperous 1950s found reasons to believe the idealist view.Those who wrote during the trouble of 1960s found support forthe economic view point. I'd say that neither view is complete.Both the idealist and the economic perspective contribute apart to the whole picture. What is the talk mainly about? 讲话者在开头处就介绍自己将要谈论的内容是“对于美国编写1787年宪法的初衷目前存在的两种观点”，D项中的motives for creating是原文中the motivation for writing的同义转述，the United States Constitution为关键词复现，故选D。
【正确答案】
B
【答案解析】[听力原文] According to the economic view, who benefited the most from the new Constitution? 本文的讲话者结合两种观点分析了在1787年为何会制定美国的宪法：the idealist view和the economic view。本题是问持经济方面观点的人认为哪一部分人因新宪法而受益最大。短文中间部分提到，持经济方面观点的人认为，宪法的编写者关注自身的财产利益，大部分人都很在乎财富，最富有的人尤其害怕失去他们的钱财。因此宪法的编写者们想要一个强大的中央政府来促进贸易，保护私有财产，并且通过征税来偿还美国巨额的债务。可见，他们认为宪法保护的是富有阶层的利益，故他们受益最大，答案应为B。