结构推理 Directions: In this part there is a short passage with five questions or incomplete statements. Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words (not exceeding 10 words). In country after country, talk of non-smokers’ rights is in the air. While a majority of countries have taken little or no action yet, some 30 nations introduced legal steps to control smoking. Many laws have been introduced into other countries to help clear the air for non-smokers, or to cut cigarette consumption. In some developed countries, the consumption of cigarettes has become more or less stabilized. However, in many developing countries, cigarette smoking is seen as a sign of economic progress and is even encouraged. As more tobacco companies go international, new markets are sought to gain new smokers in those countries. For example, great efforts are made by the American tobacco industry to sell cigarettes in the Middle East and North Africa where U.S. tobacco exports increased by more than 27 percent in 1974. Smoking is harmful to the health of people. World governments should conduct serious campaigns against it. Restrictions on cigarette advertisements, plus health warnings on packages and bans (禁令) on public smoking in certain places such as theaters, cinemas and restaurants, are the most popular tools used by nations in support of non-smokers or in controlling smoking. But world attention also is focusing on another step which will make the smoker increasingly self-conscious and uncomfortable about his habit. Great efforts should be made to inform young people, especially of the dreadful consequences of taking up the habit. And cigarette prices should be boosted. In the long run, it is probably true that everybody would be better-off if smoking were forbidden altogether. People, however, are not ready, yet for such a strong action. 1.Dozens of countries have made laws to 2.In which countries is smoking considered to be a mark of economic development? 3.What is the topic sentence of the third paragraph? 4.The last word “boosted” (Line 8, Para. 3) means 5.What is the author’s attitude towards the habit of smoking, judging from the passage?