填空题
(9) ... For the last 20 years, empirical work has paid particular attention to the link between the practice of HRM and organizational performance, evident in improved employee commitment, lower levels of absenteeism and turnover, (10) enhanced quality and efficiency. This area of work is sometimes referred to as 'Strategic HRM' or SHRM ( not to be confused with the Society for Human Resource Management). Within SHRM three strands of work can be ob served: Best practice, Best Fit and the Resource Based View (RBV).
The notion of best practice-sometimes called 'high commitment' HRM-proposes that the adoption of certain best practices in HRM will result in better organizational performance. These practices included: (11) sharing information, self-managed teams, high pay based on company performance and the reduction of status differentials. However, there is a huge number of studies which provide evidence of best practices, usually implemented in coherent bundles, and (12) ...
Best fit, or the contingency approach to HRM, argues that HRM improves performance where there is a close vertical fit between the HRM practices and the company's strategy. This link ensures close coherence between the HR people processes and policies and the external market or business strategy. (13) ... For example, a set of 'life cycle' models argue that HR policies and practices can be mapped onto the stage of an organization's development or life cycle. Competitive advantage models take Porter's ideas about strategic choice and map a range of HR practices onto the organization's choice of competitive strategy. Finally 'configuration models' provide a more sophisticated approach which advocates a close examination of the organization's strategy in order to determine the appropriate HR policies and practices. However, this approach assumes that the strategy of the organization can be identified- (14) ...
A. Practicing good human resource management (HRM) enables managers of an enterprise to express their goals with specificity
B. providing employment security, selective hiring, extensive training
C. many organizations exist in a state of flux and development
D. therefore it is difficult to draw generalized conclusions about which is the 'best' way
E. Research in the area of Human Resource Management or HRM has much to contribute to the organizational practice of HRM
F. increasing worker comprehension of goals, providing the necessary resources
G. higher levels of skills and therefore higher productivity
H. There are a range of theories about the nature of this vertical integration