阅读理解
Publishing in scientific journals is the most common and powerful means to disseminate new research findings. Visibility and credibility in the scientific world require publishing in journals that are included in global indexing databases such as those of the Institute for Scientific Information (ISI). Most scientists in developing countries remain at the periphery of this critical communication process, exacerbating the low international recognition and impact of their accomplishments. For science to become maximally influential and productive across the globe, this needs to change. The economy of electronic publication, open access, and property rights fuel current academic and policy debates about scientific publishing in the industrialized world. The concerns in the developing world (with few ISI-indexed journals) focus on more fundamental questions, such as sustaining local research activity and achieving the appropriate global reach of its science activities. The essence of the African situation is captured by R.J.W. Tijssen's analysis of publications by African authors, which was based not only on data from ISI indexing databases, but also on publications not indexed in this system. Surprisingly, half of the South African citations in the indexed ISI literature are to articles in nonindexed, locally published journals. Also, several nonindexed local journals are cited in the ISI system at about the same rate as are indexed journals. The share of indexed articles with at least one author with an African address remains steady at about 1%. About half of the ISI-indexed papers with at least one author with an African address have non-African partners outside of the continent. These figures vary, country by country, sometimes in surprising ways. For example, 85% of the papers published from Mali or Gabon involve collaborations on other continents, versus 39% and 29%, respectively, for South African and Egypt, the continent's leading research producers. Thus, much of the Africa research system is now highly dependent on collaborations. How can the global reach and potential impact of scientific research in Africa and other developing countries be optimized? Of primary importance is boosting the quality and quantity of work that is locally published, through measures including review of submissions by peers research opportunities. A proliferation of journals, short-lived publications, print-only journals, and poor distribution constitutes a picture that must change. A nationally organized project can probably make the biggest difference, with investment by government and research-support agencies, as well as wide participation by local and regional scientific communities.
单选题
The author cries for a change in ______.
【正确答案】
D
【答案解析】 归纳题。根据题干关键词组cry for a change 定位到第一段最后一句“...this needs to change. ”可知，this即为本题答案。该段讲到发表文章是新研究成果传播的方式，在科学界的声誉需要在全球索引数据库中的期刊发表成果。而发展中国家的科学家却在这个关键沟通过程的外围逡巡。因此，this指代的是在全球范围内科研领域发表科研成果的现状，故D选项是最佳答案。
单选题
According to the author, the low international recognition and the impact of scientists of developing countries are attributed to ______.
【正确答案】
C
【答案解析】 细节理解题。根据low international and the impact of scientists of developing countries定位到第一段中Most scientists in developing countries remain at the periphery of this critical communication process, exacerbating the low international recognition and impact of their accomplishments，可知原因为“大多数发展中国家的科学家一直都在这一关键沟通进程(全球发表)外围徘徊”，因此本题答案为C。
单选题
The survey conducted by Tijssen justified the author's view that ______.
单选题
To address the current situation, the author argues that it is imperative that ______.
【正确答案】
D
【答案解析】 细节理解题。通过“address the current situation(解决现有问题)”定位到最后一段。该段首句提出：该如何优化非洲和其他发展中国家科研的影响力呢?紧随其后作者谈到of primary importance(至关重要的)是提升本土发表文章的质量和数量。因此本题答案为D。
单选题
Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?