问答题
5. Around the world, certain animals have seen their habitats reduced in size to the point that they have disappeared entirely from some lands. For instance, lions and elephants once roamed throughout North America, wolves and beavers used to thrive in Britain, and Siberian tigers lived all over Northeast Asia in the past. Today, some conservationists are attempting to reintroduce some species of animals to the lands they lived on before. There are many benefits to doing so, and these efforts should be encouraged.
The primary reason species are reintroduced is to restore a region to its natural state of equilibrium. In many cases, the species which went extinct in an area had acted as a check on other animals. For instance, the wolf once controlled the deer population in the Yellowstone National Park region in the United States. However, when the wolf disappeared, the deer population exploded, causing great harm to the ecosystem due to all the foliage it consumed. Once the wolf was reintroduced to Yellowstone in the 1990s, the deer overpopulation problem was swiftly solved.
Some animals are reintroduced to regions simply to atone for wrongs caused by human activities. In that way, nature is allowed to resume its course, which had gone astray because of humans. This is the reasoning for the plan to reintroduce the beaver to Britain. Hunting and human encroachment on its land caused it to disappear from the country. However, if all goes well, there will soon be beavers living in Britain again.
Lastly, some people promote reintroducing animals to environments to prove the viability of breeding animals in captivity. First, individuals raise animals on farms or ranches and then release them into the wild. This method has allowed for the successful reintroduction of numerous species into their former habitats.
The primary reason species are reintroduced is to restore a region to its natural state of equilibrium. In many cases, the species which went extinct in an area had acted as a check on other animals. For instance, the wolf once controlled the deer population in the Yellowstone National Park region in the United States. However, when the wolf disappeared, the deer population exploded, causing great harm to the ecosystem due to all the foliage it consumed. Once the wolf was reintroduced to Yellowstone in the 1990s, the deer overpopulation problem was swiftly solved.
Some animals are reintroduced to regions simply to atone for wrongs caused by human activities. In that way, nature is allowed to resume its course, which had gone astray because of humans. This is the reasoning for the plan to reintroduce the beaver to Britain. Hunting and human encroachment on its land caused it to disappear from the country. However, if all goes well, there will soon be beavers living in Britain again.
Lastly, some people promote reintroducing animals to environments to prove the viability of breeding animals in captivity. First, individuals raise animals on farms or ranches and then release them into the wild. This method has allowed for the successful reintroduction of numerous species into their former habitats.
【正确答案】Sample Note-READING
are benefits to reintroducing animals into places where they once lived but are now extinct
1 restore equilibrium to region
-wolf once controlled deer population in Yellowstone
-wolf disappeared→deer population rose
-wolf was reintroduced in 1990s→deer overpopulation problem solved
2 atone for wrongs done by humans
-beavers in Britain→went extinct due to human encroachment
-trying to reintroduce them now
3 prove viability of breeding animals in captivity
-raise animals on farms or ranches→then release into wild
-has allowed numerous species to be reintroduced to former habitats
Sample Note-LISTENING
are problems with reintroducing species to former habitats
1 animals don't stay in specific places
-wolves in Yellowstone roam far from park→attack farmers' animals
-farmers want to hunt wolves
2 efforts influenced by politics
-people want to show commitment to environment→ignore reality
-Britain has too many people→reintroduction of beavers will fail
3 animals raised in captivity can't cope in wild
-study on 17 species→30% survived in long term
-others killed by humans or starved since didn't know how to hunt
Sample Essay
The professor and the author of the reading passage both cover the issue of reintroducing species to lands where they once lived. The reading passage argues in favor of doing so, yet the professor points out several problems which can occur.
The first point the professor lectures on is wolves in Yellowstone National Park. Both the professor and the reading passage agree that the wolves solved the deer overpopulation issue. However, the professor claims that the practice was not a success because the wolves are leaving the park area and killing livestock, resulting in farmers wanting to hunt them.
The professor next argues against reintroducing animals to areas where they were wiped out due to human actions. He brings up the effort to reintroduce beavers to Britain. The reading passage claims that beavers can live there successfully, but the professor says that Britain has too many people, so the plan will fail.
Last of all, the professor dislikes the practice of raising animals in captivity and then releasing them into the wild. While the reading passage states that lots of animals have been successfully reintroduced through this method, the professor points out that more of them die. Citing a study in Britain, he remarks that only thirty percent of the animals survive while the others are killed by humans or starve to death.
are benefits to reintroducing animals into places where they once lived but are now extinct
1 restore equilibrium to region
-wolf once controlled deer population in Yellowstone
-wolf disappeared→deer population rose
-wolf was reintroduced in 1990s→deer overpopulation problem solved
2 atone for wrongs done by humans
-beavers in Britain→went extinct due to human encroachment
-trying to reintroduce them now
3 prove viability of breeding animals in captivity
-raise animals on farms or ranches→then release into wild
-has allowed numerous species to be reintroduced to former habitats
Sample Note-LISTENING
are problems with reintroducing species to former habitats
1 animals don't stay in specific places
-wolves in Yellowstone roam far from park→attack farmers' animals
-farmers want to hunt wolves
2 efforts influenced by politics
-people want to show commitment to environment→ignore reality
-Britain has too many people→reintroduction of beavers will fail
3 animals raised in captivity can't cope in wild
-study on 17 species→30% survived in long term
-others killed by humans or starved since didn't know how to hunt
Sample Essay
The professor and the author of the reading passage both cover the issue of reintroducing species to lands where they once lived. The reading passage argues in favor of doing so, yet the professor points out several problems which can occur.
The first point the professor lectures on is wolves in Yellowstone National Park. Both the professor and the reading passage agree that the wolves solved the deer overpopulation issue. However, the professor claims that the practice was not a success because the wolves are leaving the park area and killing livestock, resulting in farmers wanting to hunt them.
The professor next argues against reintroducing animals to areas where they were wiped out due to human actions. He brings up the effort to reintroduce beavers to Britain. The reading passage claims that beavers can live there successfully, but the professor says that Britain has too many people, so the plan will fail.
Last of all, the professor dislikes the practice of raising animals in captivity and then releasing them into the wild. While the reading passage states that lots of animals have been successfully reintroduced through this method, the professor points out that more of them die. Citing a study in Britain, he remarks that only thirty percent of the animals survive while the others are killed by humans or starve to death.
【答案解析】 [听力原文]
Now listen to part of a lecture on the topic you just read about.
M Professor: Reintroducing locally extinct species is a noble idea, yet it's flawed in practice. For every success story, there are countless failures. In fact, it's estimated that nearly seventy percent of all reintroduced species die in the wild soon after being released. What are some problems...? Let me tell you...
Some people believe the reintroduced animals will remain in specific places, but that never happens. Instead, the animals go wherever they please. In Yellowstone National Park, wolves were released to help control the deer population. Well, uh, they succeeded spectacularly at that objective, but there's a problem. The wolves, you see, have begun roaming far from Yellowstone. They've encroached on human settlements and attacked farmers' animals. Naturally, the farmers are upset and are requesting that wolf hunting be legalized.
Another problem concerns those people trying to do good by reintroducing animals that humans caused to go extinct. In many instances, their efforts have become influenced by politics as those in power use the animals to show their commitment to environmental issues. Unfortunately, the reality of the situation is often, uh, ignored. The people trying to reintroduce beavers to Britain have overlooked the fact that there are few places in that country where beavers can actually live because Britain simply has too many people. As a result, their efforts are doomed to fail.
Here's another problem...Some people raise animals in captivity and then release them into the wild...These animals simply can't cope in the wild. One British study tracked forty-five animals—all carnivorous mammals belonging to seventeen different species—that were released in this manner. Only thirty percent survived over the long term. The others were killed by hunters, run over by cars, or starved to death since they didn't know how to hunt for the food they needed.
Now listen to part of a lecture on the topic you just read about.
M Professor: Reintroducing locally extinct species is a noble idea, yet it's flawed in practice. For every success story, there are countless failures. In fact, it's estimated that nearly seventy percent of all reintroduced species die in the wild soon after being released. What are some problems...? Let me tell you...
Some people believe the reintroduced animals will remain in specific places, but that never happens. Instead, the animals go wherever they please. In Yellowstone National Park, wolves were released to help control the deer population. Well, uh, they succeeded spectacularly at that objective, but there's a problem. The wolves, you see, have begun roaming far from Yellowstone. They've encroached on human settlements and attacked farmers' animals. Naturally, the farmers are upset and are requesting that wolf hunting be legalized.
Another problem concerns those people trying to do good by reintroducing animals that humans caused to go extinct. In many instances, their efforts have become influenced by politics as those in power use the animals to show their commitment to environmental issues. Unfortunately, the reality of the situation is often, uh, ignored. The people trying to reintroduce beavers to Britain have overlooked the fact that there are few places in that country where beavers can actually live because Britain simply has too many people. As a result, their efforts are doomed to fail.
Here's another problem...Some people raise animals in captivity and then release them into the wild...These animals simply can't cope in the wild. One British study tracked forty-five animals—all carnivorous mammals belonging to seventeen different species—that were released in this manner. Only thirty percent survived over the long term. The others were killed by hunters, run over by cars, or starved to death since they didn't know how to hunt for the food they needed.