单选题 The collapse of the Earth's magnetic field—which guards the planet and guides many of its creatures—appears to have started seriously about 150 years ago, the New York Times reported last week.
The field's strength has decreased by 10 or 15 per cent so far and this has increased the debate over whether it signals a reversal of the planet's lines of magnetic force.
During a reversal, the main field weakens, almost vanishes, and reappears with opposite polarity. The transition would take thousands of years. Once completed, compass needles that had pointed north would point south. A reversal could cause problems for both man and animals. Astronauts and satellites would have difficulties. Birds, fish and animals that rely on the magnetic field for navigation would find migration confusing. But experts said the effects would not be a big disaster, despite claims of doom and vague evidence of links between past field reversals and species extinctions.
Although a total transition may be hundreds or thousands of years away, the rapid decline in magnetic strength is already affecting satellites. Last month, the European Space Agency approved the world's largest effort at tracking the field's shifts. A group of new satellites, called Swarm, is to monitor the collapsing field with far greater precision. "We want to get some idea of how this would evolve in the near future, just like people trying to predict the weather," said Gauthier Hulot, a French geophysicist working on the satellite plan. "I'm personally quite convinced we should be able to work out the first predictions by the end of the mission."
No matter what the new findings, the public has no reason to panic. Even if a transition is coming on its way, it might take 2 000 years to mature. The last one took place 780 000 years ago, when early humans were learning how to make stone tools. Deep inside the Earth flow hot currents of melted iron. This mechanical energy creates electromagnetism. This process is known as the geophysical generator. In a car's generator, the same principle turns mechanical energy into electricity.
No one knows precisely why the field periodically reverses. But scientists say the responsibility probably lies with changes in the disorderly flows of melted iron, which they see as similar to the gases that make up the clouds of Jupiter.

单选题 According to the passage, the Earth's magnetic field has ______.
A. begun to change in the opposite direction
B. been weakening in strength for a long time
C. caused the changes on the polarities
D. misguided many a man and animal

单选题 During the transition of the Earth's magnetic field ______.
A. the compass will become useless
B. man and animals will be confused as to directions
C. the magnetic strength of the Earth will disappear
D. the magnetic strength of the Earth will be stronger

单选题 According to the experts, the reversal of the Earth's magnetic field would ______.
A. destroy almost all the creatures on the Earth
B. cause some species extinctions on the Earth
C. not be as disastrous as the previous one
D. cause no big trouble for man and animals

单选题 According to the passage, ______.
A. we should not worry about the transition of the Earth's magnetic field
B. the Earth's magnetic field will not change for at least 2 000 years
C. the Earth's magnetic field has decreased its strength rapidly
D. the transition of the Earth's magnetic field can be controlled by modern science

单选题 The author says "... the public has no reason to panic" (Paragraph 5) because ______.
A. the transition is still thousands of years away
B. the new transition will come 780 000 years from now
C. the transition can be precisely predicted by scientists
D. the process of the transition will take a very long time to finish

单选题 The transition of the Earth's magnetic field is possibly caused by ______.
A. the flows of melted iron inside the Earth
B. the periodical movement of the Earth
C．the mechanical energy of the solar system
D．the force corning from outer space