复合题

Directions: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.

Text 3

Play is the principal business of childhood, and more and more in recent years research has shown the vital importance of play in the development of a human being. From earliest infancy, every child needs adequate opportunity and the right material for play, and the main tools of play are toys. Their main function is to suggest, encourage and assist play. To succeed in this they must be good toys, therefore it is important to choose suitable toys for different stages of a child’s development.

In recent years research on infant development has shown the standard a child is likely to reach, within the range of his inherited abilities, is largely determined in the first three years of his life. The right play materials for a baby should be things to touch, things to listen to, and things to watch. At no time in his life will a child develop as fast as now; in the first two years each month brings a change in what he can do and what he needs. A baby who is encouraged and stimulated, talked to, and shown things and played with, has the best chance of growing up successfully. There is no doubt that the right play materials and opportunities are of the utmost importance.

The next stage, from three to five years old, is the heyday (全盛期) for toys, and at this stage curiosity knows no bounds. Every type of suitable toy should be made available to the child; bricks and jigsaws and construction toys; painting and making things; sand and water play; toys for imaginative and pretending play. Children of this age are concerned and serious when they play, for to them play is a serious business, and through it they are learning about the world and growing up.

By the third stage of play development—from five to seven or eight years—the child is at school. But for a few more years play is still the best way of learning, at home or at school. The right toy at this stage can sometimes lead to the choice of a career.

Until the age of seven or eight, play and work mean much the same thing to a child. But once reading has been mastered, then books and school become the main source of learning. Toys are still interesting and valuable, but their significance has changed—to a child of nine or ten years, toys and games mean, as to adults, relaxation and fun. 

单选题 From the passage we understand that a child _____.
【正确答案】 D
【答案解析】文章主要论述游戏和玩具对孩子成长的重要性， 儿童的健康成长和成熟是通过他们不同年龄段相应的游戏内容而实现的。 因此， 有必要教给他们在相应的年龄段进行有意义的活动， 以有利于身心开发。 所以此题选D。
单选题 In the writer’s opinion the right kind of play materials for infants _____.
【正确答案】 A
【答案解析】根据第二段第二句话“The right play materials for a baby should be things to touch, things to listen to, and things to watch.”可知幼儿时期最佳的玩具主要是以开发孩子天赋为主， 包括孩子的视觉、 知觉和听觉。 A选项最全面， 而B、 C、 D选项片面。
单选题 Children of three to five years old find play a serious business because they _____.
【正确答案】 C
【答案解析】根据文章第三段第一句“The next stage, from three to five years old, is the heyday for toys, and at this stage curiosity knows no bounds.”可知， 三到五岁的孩子好奇心很强， 这一阶段游戏的主要目的是让孩子了解世界， 学习各种各样的知识。 由此可知此题选C。
单选题 Once a child has learned to read, he usually _____.
【正确答案】 B
【答案解析】由最后一段可知， 当孩子识字之后， 书本和学校就变成了学习的主要途径， 玩具和游戏只是起辅助和娱乐作用， 但并不是完全放弃或者毫无意义。 A、 C、 D都过于绝对， 所以此题选B。
单选题 It seems that older children and adults consider toys and games should _____.
【正确答案】 B
【答案解析】由最后一段最后一句话“to a child of nine or ten years, toys and games mean, as to adults, relaxation and fun.”可知对于大点的孩子和成人而言， 玩具和游戏更多的是为了放松和娱乐， B选项最符合题意。