下面的短文后有2项测试任务:(1)第23~26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第1~4段每段选择1个最佳标题;(2)第27~30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定1个最佳选项。
{{B}}Meet Your Memory{{/B}} 1. Memory is something that
cannot be seen, touched or weighed. It is thought to be abstract. It is a set of
skills rather than an object. Neither is there a single standard for judging a
good or poor memory. There are a number of different ways in which a person may
have a good memory. 2. Memory is generally viewed as consisting of
three stages: (1)acquisition refers to learning the material; (2)storage refers
to keeping the material in the brain until it is
needed;and(3)retrieval(提取)refers to getting the material back out when it is
needed. 3. Memory consists of at least two different
processes:short-term memory and long-term memory. Short-term memory has a
limited capacity and a rapid forgetting rate. Its capacity can be increased by
chunking(组成大块), or, grouping separate bits of information into larger chunks.
Long-term memory has an almost unlimited capacity. 4 One measure of
memory is recall, which requires you to produce information by searching the
memory for it. In aided recall, you are given cues(提示)to help you produce
the information. In free-recall learning you recall the material in any order;in
serial learning you recall it in the order it was presented; and in
paired-associate learning you learn pairs of words so that when the first word
is given you can recal the second word. A second measure of memory is
recognition, in which you do not have to produce the information from
memory, but must be able to identify it when it is presented to you. In a third
measure of memory, relearning, the difference between how long it took to learn
the material the first time and how long it takes to learn it again indicates
how much you remember. Relearning is generally a more sensitive measure of
memory than is recognition because relearning shows retention(保持)while
recognition does not. Recognition is generally a more sensitive measure than
recall.
A. Why do we forget things?
B. How do we measure memory?
C. What are the stages memory consists of?
D. What is the difference between short-term memory and long-term memory?
E. What is memory? F. Who may have a poor
memory? |