In interviews, famous people often say that the key to becoming both happy and successful is to "do what you love." But mastering a skill,【C1】______one that you deeply love, requires a huge【C2】______of dull practice. Any challenging activity requires【C3】______and concentrated practice. Anyone who wants to master a skill must【C4】______through the cycle of practice, critical feedback, modification, and progressive improvement again, again, and again. Some people seem able to【C5】______practicing an activity like this for years and take【C6】______in their gradual improvement.【C7】______others find this kind of concentrated, time-intensive work to be【C8】______or boring. Why? The difference may turn on the ability to enter into a state of "flow," the feeling of being completely【C9】______what you are doing. A flow state is a special experience. Flow states can happen in the【C10】______of any activity, and they are most common when a task has well-defined goals and is at an appropriate skill level, and where the individual is able to adjust their performance【C11】______clear and immediate feedback. Flow states turn the dull practice into an autotelic activity—that is, one that can be enjoyed for its own sake, rather than as a【C12】______to an end or for attaining some external reward. That raises the question of how we can turn this to our【C13】______: How can we get into a flow state for an activity that we want to master, so that we enjoy both the process of【C14】______skills and the rewards of being a master? Psychologists suggested that those who most readily entered into flow states had an "autotelic personality". For those who aren't necessarily【C15】______with an autotelic personality, there is evidence that flow states can be【C16】______by environmental factors. While there isn't yet a pill that can turn dull practice into a【C17】______activity for anyone, it is encouraging that we seem, at least to some degree, to be able to push ourselves toward flow states【C18】______we are given unstructured, open-ended time,【C19】______distractions, and a task set at a【C20】______level of difficulty.
单选题
【C1】
【正确答案】
B
【答案解析】解析:句子指出“掌握一门技能需要枯燥练习”。空格后one则指代a skill,结合one that you deeply love的语义,推断所需副词旨在强调任何一门技能都遵循着这样的规律。B项even“甚至,即使”可加强语气,能体现句首表转折的But和句子逻辑。
【答案解析】解析:从句子宾语the cycle...improvement的语义来看,句子提到形成技能的过程:练习、批评性反馈、修正、逐渐提高。因此可判断所需动词应说明Anyone who wants to master a skill都必须经历这一过程。run through“经历,通过”,D项run符合语义要求。
单选题
【C5】
【正确答案】
C
【答案解析】解析:本句的Some people及下句的others说明两个不同人群在形成技能过程中的表现和感受。从下一句提到的this kind of concentrated语义重现可以判断C项concentrate on“集中于,专注于”符合语义和逻辑要求。
单选题
【C6】
【正确答案】
D
【答案解析】解析:这些人能够遵循上述规律一遍又一遍地来练习具有挑战性的活动,可见他们属于首句所提的“do what you love”的人群:会变得既快乐又成功(becoming both happy and successful)。D项pleasure“乐趣”能说明这些人对自己取得的进步感到快乐。
【答案解析】解析:破折号后面的内容是对an autotelic activity(本身有目的的活动)的进一步解析,表明“这一活动本身就是乐趣(can be enjoyed for its own sake),而不是达到某一目的(to anend)、获得某些外在回报(attaining some external reward)的……。”as a means是常用的搭配。意为“作为一种方式、手段”,A项means符合语义逻辑。
【答案解析】解析:基于该句的语义和逻辑,可知分句we are given...是“我们”进入流畅状态的条件。从unstructured,open-ended time(松散的、不限制的时间)这一条件来看,所涉及的应是有助于进入流畅状态的有利条件。minimum distractions“尽量少的干扰”,有助于进入流畅状态,故C项minimum正确。
单选题
【C20】
【正确答案】
B
【答案解析】解析:基于前两项分析,可知该分句是关于有助于进入流畅状态的条件,故应推断任务所设定的难易程度(level of difficulty)也应适当。故B项moderate“适度的”符合逻辑要求。