单选题 In many countries in the process of industrialization, overcrowded cities present a major problem. Poor conditions in these cities, for example, lack of housing, and lack of employment, bring about an increase in poverty (贫穷), disease and crime.
The over-population of towns is mainly caused by the floating of large numbers of people from the {{U}}rural{{/U}} areas. These people have become dissatisfied with the life of fanning, and have come to the towns hoping for better work and pay.
One possible way to deal with the problem would be enforcing a registration system (推行登记制度). Only officially registered people would be allowed to live in the towns and the urban population would thus be limited. In practice, however, registration would be very difficult to enforce; it would cause a great deal of anger, which would finally lead to violence (暴力).
The only long-term solution (解决办法) is to make life in the rural areas more attractive, which would encourage people to stay there. This could be achieved by providing encouragement for people to go and work in the villages. Education should include training in improved methods of farming and other rural industries, so as to develop a more positive attitude towards rural life.

单选题 What does the underlined word "rural" (line 2, para.2) mean?

A. Of the city.
B. Of the country.
C. In a bad condition.
D. Of huge size.

【正确答案】 B

【答案解析】[解析] 语义题。题干意为“第二段第二行划线单词‘rural’的意思是什么?”从文章第二段第一句话“The over-population of towns is mainly caused by the floating of large numbers of people from the rural areas.”可知，城镇人口过于拥挤主要是因为“rural areas”人口的大量涌入。由此可以推断出“rural”指的是农村的，所以本题的正确答案为B。

单选题 Large numbers of farmers have poured into towns because ______.

A. they can hardly support their families on farms
B. they are unhappy with their life in the country
C. the rural areas are too crowded with people
D. they hope to have their own business

【正确答案】 B

【答案解析】[解析] 细节题。题干意为“农村人口大量涌入城镇主要是因为______。”从文章第二段第二句话“These people have become dissatisfied with the life of farming, and have come to the towns hoping for better work and pay.”可知，农村人口不再满足于耕作生活，他们想要到城市寻找更好的工作，获得更高的薪水。所以本题的正确答案为B。

单选题 According to the author, the problem with crowded cities will be solved if ______.

A. rural areas become cleaner
B. the government can provide more jobs
C. conditions in rural areas are much improved
D. violence could be controlled in cities

【正确答案】 C

【答案解析】[解析] 推理题。题干意为“怎样才能解决城市人口拥挤的问题?”从文中最后一段第一句话“The only long-term solution is to make life in the rural areas more attractive, which would encourage people to stay there.”可知，解决城市人口拥挤问题的办法是让农村的生活更吸引人，这可以鼓励人们留在农村。由此可见，选项C改善农村的生活条件最符合题意，所以本题的正确答案为C。

单选题 What is most important for people to be attracted to live in the country?

A. Their expectations.
B. Their attitude.
C. Their income.
D. Their health.

【正确答案】 B

【答案解析】[解析] 细节题。题干意为“要想吸引人们留在农村，什么是最重要的?”从文章最后一句“...so as to develop a more positive attitude towards rural life.”可以看出，形成一个对农村的积极态度是所有努力的最终目的。由此可见，本题的正确答案为B。